Chem - IMF, KMT, States of Matter

temperature

-A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

-Temperature determines the direction of heat flow.

If an object has a high temperature the particles within the object must have 

high kinetic energy

What is kinetic energy?

-The energy an object possesses due to its motion.

-The faster the object, the more kinetic energy.

What is heat?

The transfer of energy from one object or system to another because of a difference in temperature.

You can predict which way energy will transfer.

High kinetic energy to low kinetic energy

 conduction

• Conduction is the process by which heat is transferred from one substance or object to another by direct contact.  

convection

Circular motion in water…water heats and rises, dense water sinks.

• Convection is the process of heat transfer through the fluids (liquid or gas). There has to be movement of the fluid for heat transfer to happen

radiation

Radiation is the transfer of heat/energy through electromagnetic waves.

melting

s to L

energy in

freezing

L to s

energy out

sublimation

s to g

energy in

dry ice

deposition

g to s

energy out

frost

condensation

g to L

energy out

evaporation

L to g

happens below boiling point

slower

energy in

boiling

L to gas

“instant",” spontaneous at specific temp

energy in

vaporization

L to g

energy in

ionization

g to p

neutral atoms changed into ions

by gaining or losing electrons

energy in

deionization

p to g

charged atoms and molecules and water to water

Removes them from water through ion exchange

energy out