Part 3: Ethics, Laws, Assessment, Collaboration & Multicultural Counseling

Who publishes the ethical standards school counselors follow?

The American School Counselor Association (ASCA).

What is the primary ethical responsibility of a school counselor?

To promote the academic, career, and social/emotional development of all students.

What ethical principle means "do no harm"?

Nonmaleficence.

What ethical principle means promoting student well-being?

Beneficence.

What ethical principle involves treating students fairly?

Justice

What ethical principle means keeping promises and maintaining trust?

Fidelity.

What ethical principle involves respecting students' ability to make decisions when appropriate?

Autonomy

When may confidentiality be broken?

When there is a risk of harm to the student or others, suspected abuse or neglect, or when required by law.

Should counselors explain the limits of confidentiality at the beginning of counseling?

Yes.

True or False: Parents automatically have access to everything discussed in counseling sessions.

False. Counselors balance parent rights with student privacy while following state law and district policy.

What does FERPA stand for?

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act.

What does FERPA protect?

student education records

Who has rights under FERPA for minor students?

Parents (and eligible students once rights transfer).

What is a legitimate educational interest?

A need to access records to fulfill professional responsibilities.

Can school staff access educational records without parent consent?

Yes, if they have a legitimate educational interest.

Can counselors share educational records with outside agencies without consent?

Generally no, unless an exception applies.

Which law usually applies in public schools?

FERPA

Which law primarily protects medical records?

HIPPA

Which law generally governs school counseling records in K–12 schools?

FERPA

What does IDEA stand for?

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.

Who qualifies under IDEA?

Students who meet eligibility criteria for one of the disability categories and require special education services.

What document is developed under IDEA?

An Individualized Education Program (IEP).

What does an IEP include?

Present levels, annual goals, services, accommodations, and progress monitoring.

What does FAPE stand for?

Free Appropriate Public Education.

What does LRE stand for?

Least Restrictive Environment.

What does the counselor often contribute during IEP meetings?

Social-emotional information, consultation, and student advocacy.