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What is the definition of 'International Relations' according to Grieco et al. (2015)?
The subfield of political science that deals with the political, economic, social, and cultural relationships among two or more states and other international actors.
What are the two central characteristics of modern states?
A territory with clearly defined borders. 2. Political authorities that can act sovereignly within these borders.
What does 'sovereignty' refer to in the context of modern states?
The principle that a sovereign possesses exclusive responsibility for all regulations and decisions within a specific territory, holding the monopoly on violence.
What was the significance of the Westphalian Peace in 1648?
It is considered the birth of the modern international state system, establishing a system of sovereign states with no higher authority.
How does anarchy manifest in the international system according to the notes?
The international system is decentralized and anarchic, with states acting as sovereign entities without a higher authority.
What is the role of international institutions in relation to anarchy?
They establish stable norms and rules that facilitate cooperation, provide transparency, and enable states to sanction uncooperative behavior.
What are the three important theories in International Relations that describe anarchy?
Neo-Realism 2. Neoliberal Institutionalism 3. Constructivism.
According to Keohane and Nye (1979), how is power defined?
Power is the ability of an actor to get others to do something they otherwise would not do.
What are the three types of power in international relations according to different theories?
Military power (Neo-Realism) 2. Bargaining power (Neoliberal Institutionalism) 3. Argumentative power (Constructivism).
What are the implications of military power in the international system?
Military power is relative and depends on the resources a state has compared to others.
What is meant by 'responsibility to protect' (R2P) in the context of sovereignty?
It is a principle that stipulates that states have a responsibility to protect their populations, and the international community can intervene if a state fails in this duty.
What shaped states' bargaining power in negotiations?
It is shaped by interdependence, actor preferences, and institutional rules regarding agenda setting and voting.
How does constructivism view the significance of anarchy in international relations?
The meaning of anarchy is determined by how actors perceive their security in relation to other states, depending on social norms and values.
