Introduction to Statistics

A set of 20 vocabulary flashcards designed to help students understand key concepts in Statistics.

Statistics

A way of reasoning, along with a collection of tools and methods, designed to help us understand the world with the use of data.

Data

Values with a context; can be numbers, record names, or other labels.

Statistical methods

Techniques used to analyze and interpret data.

Inferential procedures

Methods used to generalize findings from a sample to the entire population.

Population

The complete set of items or individuals that a study aims to understand.

Sample

A subset of the population selected for analysis.

Variability

The tendency of data points to differ from each other.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

The total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a specific time.

Statistical reasoning

The ability to evaluate quantitative information and make decisions based on data.

Statistical analysis

The process of collecting, organizing, interpreting, and analyzing data.

Critical attitude

An approach that involves questioning the validity of quantitative claims.

Decision-making

The cognitive process of selecting a course of action from multiple alternatives.

Data-driven decision

Making choices based on data analysis rather than intuition or observation.

Data collection

The process of gathering information for statistical analysis.

Statistical inference

Drawing conclusions about a population based on a sample.

Question formulation

The process of creating precise questions to guide data collection.

Measurement

The process of obtaining data to quantify variables of interest.

Context

The circumstances or background information that helps understand data.

Statistical tools

Methods or software used for data analysis and interpretation.

Quantitative claims

Statements that can be supported or refuted by numerical evidence.

Probability Theory

The branch of mathematics concerned with analyzing random phenomena.