Chapter 2 - Reactions of Organic Compounds

Cl2

________* Asymmetrical alkene: an alkene that has different groups on either side of the double bond* ex.

Reduction

________: reaction in which a carbon atom forms fewer bonds to oxygen [H] is shown to be the reducing agent.

Plastics

________: polymers that can be heated and molded into specific shapes and formsSynthetic.

Oxidation

________: in an organic reaction a carbon atom forms more bonds to oxygen, O, or less bonds to hydrogen.

Proteins

________: a natural polymer that is composed of monomers called amino acids amino acids: organic compounds that contain amino and carboxyl functional groups.

Substitution reaction

________: hydrogen atom or a functional group is replaced by a different functional group.

Monosaccharide

________: one saccharide unit.

Carbohydrate/saccharide

________: a biological molecule that contains either an aldehyde or ketone group, along with two or more hydroxyl groups; used in cellular respiration.

Lipids

________: biological molecules that are not soluble in water, but are soluble in non- polar solvents, such as benzene and hexanesFats: ________ that contain glycerol molecules: structure as fats, but are classified as being liquid at room temperature, while fats are solids at room temperature waxes: esters of long- chain alcohols and long- chain carboxylic acids Chapter 2.4: Organic Compounds and Everyday Life.

O

[________] is shown to be the oxidizing agent.

Polysaccharides

________: polymers that contain many saccharide units search: glucose polysaccharide that is used by plants to store energy.

Polymer

________: long molecule that is made by linking together many smaller molecules called monomers.

DNA (2- deoxyribonucleic acid)

________: a biological molecule that determines the shape and structure of all organismsNucleotides: monomer of DNA that contains sugar, a phosphate group, and base RNA (ribonucleic acid): type of nucleic acid that converts data from ________ to protein; also made up of nucleotides.

Monomers

________: a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or three- dimensional.

Elimination reaction

________: atoms are removed from a molecule to form a double bond.

Addition polymerization

________: reaction in which monomers with double bonds are joined together through multiple addition reactions to form a polymer.