Chapter 2 - Global E-business and Collaboration

CINF 3321 Information Systems Theory & Practice

Structured knowledge

Knowledge in the form of formal text documents and reports.

Enterprise systems

Integrated, enterprise-wide information systems that coordinate key internal processes of the firm; also known as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.

Chief privacy officer (CPO)

Responsible for ensuring that the company complies with data-privacy laws.

Chief knowledge officer (CKO)

Responsible for the firm’s knowledge management program.

Transaction processing systems (TPS)

Computerized systems that perform and record daily, routine transactions necessary to conduct the business; serve at the organization’s operational level.

End users

Representatives of departments outside the information systems group for whom applications are developed.

Middle management

People in the middle of the organizational hierarchy responsible for carrying out the plans and goals of senior management.

Virtual worlds

Online 3-D environments populated by users who have built graphical representations of themselves called avatars.

Digital dashboard

Displays all of a firm’s key performance indicators as graphs and charts on a single screen for executive decision-making.

Portal

Web interface for presenting integrated, personalized content from various sources; also a website service that provides an initial point of entry to the web.

Chief information officer (CIO)

Senior manager who oversees the use of information technology and information systems in the firm.

Tacit knowledge

Expertise and experience of organizational members that have not been formally documented.

Supply chain management (SCM) systems

Information systems that automate the flow of information between a firm and its suppliers to optimize planning, sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery.

Decision-support systems (DSS)

Information systems at the management level that combine data and analytical models to support semi-structured and unstructured decision-making.

E-government

Use of the Internet and related technologies to enable government and public sector agencies’ relationships with citizens and businesses digitally.

Electronic commerce (e-commerce)

The process of buying and selling goods and services using the Internet and digital technologies.

Executive support systems (ESS)

Information systems at the strategic level designed to address unstructured decision-making, providing graphs and data through an easy-to-use interface for senior managers.

Chief security officer (CSO)

In charge of information systems security and responsible for enforcing the firm’s information security policy.

Production or service workers

People who produce the products or services of the organization.

Electronic business (e-business)

The use of the Internet and digital technology to execute all business processes in the enterprise, including e-commerce and internal management.

Senior management

People occupying the top of an organization’s hierarchy responsible for making long-range decisions.

Enterprise applications

Systems that coordinate activities, decisions, and knowledge across many functions and business units in a firm.

Telepresence

Technology that allows a person to appear present at a location other than their true physical location.

Knowledge management systems (KMS)

Systems that support the creation, capture, storage, and dissemination of firm expertise and knowledge.

Data workers

People such as clerks or bookkeepers who assist with administrative work at all levels of the firm.

Information systems department

The formal organizational unit responsible for information technology services in the organization.

Chief data officer (CDO)

Responsible for enterprise-wide governance and usage of information to maximize the value from data.

Programmers

Highly trained technical specialists who write computer software instructions.