Periodic Table

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Last updated 3:51 AM on 8/30/26
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13 Terms

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Period

A horizontal row on the periodic table.

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Group (Family)

A vertical column on the periodic table. Similar chemical properties.

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Group 1A (Group 1)

Alkali metals. Reactive metals. Hydrogen is not considered an alkali metal.

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Group 2A (Group 2)

Alkaline earth metals. Semi-reactive metals

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Group 7A (Group 17)

Halogens. Reactive nonmetals

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Group 8A (Group 18)
Noble gases. Relatively unreactive nonmetals with very stable electron arrangements.
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Main-Group Elements
The elements in Groups 1A–8A; located on the left and right sides of the periodic table.
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Transition Elements
The elements located in the middle of the periodic table between Groups 2A and 3A; many can form more than one type of ion.
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Metals
Located mainly on the left and center of the periodic table; they generally lose electrons and form positive ions (cations).
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Nonmetals
Located mainly on the upper-right side of the periodic table, plus hydrogen; they generally gain electrons and form negative ions (anions).
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Metalloids
Elements located along the staircase between metals and nonmetals; they have properties between those of metals and nonmetals.
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Periodic Table Organization
Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number (number of protons).
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Same Group Rule
Elements in the same group generally have similar chemical properties.