Chapter 24 APUSH vocab people

Jane Addams

(1860-1935) ___ founded Hull House, America’s first settlement house, to help immigrants assimilate through education, counseling, and municipal reform efforts. She also advocated pacifism throughout her life, including during World War I, and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.

Charles Darwin

(1809-1882) A British naturalist whose 1859 book On the Origin of Species outlined a theory of evolution based on natural selection, whereby the strongest individuals of a particular species survived and reproduced while weaker individuals died out. This theory had an enormous impact not just on science but on religion and society too, as people wrestled with the challenge evolutionary theory posed to biblical notions of divine creation and applied the ideas of natural selection to human society.

Booker T. Washington

(1856-1915) As head of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, ____ advocated for vocational education for African Americans so that they could gain economic security. Believing that southern whites were not yet ready for social equality, he instead concentrated on gaining economic power for blacks without directly challenging the southern racial order.

W. E. B. Du Bois

(1868-1963) A Harvard-educated leader in the fight for racial equality, _ believed that liberal arts education would provide the "talented tenth" of African Americans with the ability to lift their race into full participation in society. From New York, where he was a founder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), he relentlessly brought attention to racism in America and demanded legal and cultural change. During his long life he published many important books of history, sociology, and poetry and provided intellectual leadership to those advocating civil rights. One of his deepest convictions was that American blacks needed to connect their freedom struggle with African independence, and he died as a resident of the new nation of Ghana.

Joseph Pulitzer

(1847-1911) A publisher whose newspapers, including the New York World, became a symbol of the sensationalist journalism of the late nineteenth century.

William Randolph Hearst

(1863-1951) A newspaper magnate who started by inheriting his father’s San Francisco Examiner and ultimately owned newspapers and magazines published in cities across the United States. He was largely responsible for the spread of sensationalist journalism. The ___ Corporation still owns dozens of newspapers, magazines, and other media outlets in the United States and around the world.

John Dewey

(1859-1952) A leader of the pragmatist movement of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, ____ applied its philosophy to education and social reform, advocating "learning by doing" as well as the application of knowledge to solving real-life problems. He became an outspoken promoter of social and political reforms that broadened American democracy.

Carrie Chapman Catt

(1859-1947) A leader of the revived women’s suffrage movement, ____ served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) from 1900 to 1904 and again from 1915 to 1920. She was also active internationally, helping women in other countries gain suffrage and advocating for international peace.

Horatio Alger

(1832-1899) The writer of dozens of novels for children, ____ popularized the notion of "rags to riches," that by hard work and a bit of a luck, even a poor boy could pull himself up into the middle class.

Mark Twain

(1835-1910) A satirist and writer, ___ is best known for his books The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884). His work critiqued American politics and society, especially the racial and economic injustice that he saw in the South and West. _ traveled abroad extensively, and his work was read and loved around the world.

Henry James

(1843-1916) Expatriate novelist and __. A master of "psychological realism," he experimented in novels like The Portrait of a Lady and The Wings of the Dove with point of view and interior monologue.

Winslow Homer

(1836–1910) Boston-born artist who excelled in portraying New England’s pastoral farms and swelling seas in the native realist style.

Augustus Saint-Gaudens

(1848-1907) Irish-born sculptor who immigrated to America and produced some of the nation’s finest beaux arts sculptures, including the Robert Gould Shaw Memorial on Boston Common.

Frederick Law Olmsted

(1822-1903) Journalist and leading American landscape architect. His landmark designs include New York’s Central Park, Boston’s "Emerald Necklace," and the campuses of Stanford University and the University of California at Berkeley.

Karl May

wrote westerns wrote Winneto