VR Terminology - Jeff Price UTD

VR Terminology from Topics in Games: VR

Virtual Reality is opening doors to the long held human desire to

escape

are the two basic keys to Virtual Reality

Emulation and perception

Our experience of everything, or reality, is a combination of \__ and how we process
that data to form our understanding or perception of what/where/why is happening

sensory data

In summary, Virtual Reality is an emulation of a situation that we understand, or perceive, to be

real

Virtual Reality is the term used to describe a digital environment which can be explored and

experienced by a person

\__ is the increased perceived ability of a player in gaining control over a game

Player agency

The users can choose to \__ with any objects

interact

The \__ \__ answers the questions, "Am I there?"

Place Illusion

The \__ \__ answers the questions, "Is this really happening?"

Plausibility Illusion

\__ motion and scenery inhibit the user from their suspension of disbelief

Repetitive

The \__ is a focal point on which the Place Illusion and Plausibility Illusion intersects

body

Giving the user control over \__ avatars to truly embody them is extremely important

customizing

Several research studies support the phenomenon that changes in the virtual body can lead to
changes in

self-concepts

The \___ \___ is how the realistic changing of our identities for another social identity can
promote empathy-related behavioral changes since the user ascribes the social stereotypes and
beliefs linked to the identity adopted

Proteus Effect

Studies have shown that players in an immersive virtual reality game who were assigned
superhero avatars were more likely to be

helpful afterwards

Exploring the immersive VR experience, many filmmakers use VR for vivid storytelling
experiences to bring about empathy to achieve

social change and impact

Davis (1980) describes empathy existing as \_________________
- VR only succeeds in evoking emotional empathy

emotional empathy and cognitive empathy

\__ \__ often occurs when there is a disagreement between visual perception and the
vestibular (inner ear balance) system's sense of motion

Motion sickness

\______ measures like muscle stimulation and motion platforms can help reduce motion
sickness and improve immersion

Proprioceptive

Researchers found three factors that influenced motion sickness in VR experiences:

Hardware,
Content, and Human Factors

in VR is visual movement of the whole virtual scene that would not normally occur
in the real world

Scene Motion

In \_______ theory, motion sickness occurs because of a sensory disagreement between
expected motion and motion that is actually experienced

Sensory conflict Theory

In \______ Theory, motion sickness occurs because of the unnatural eye motion that is
required to keep the scene's image stable on the __

Eye Movement Theory; retina

In \_____ Theory, it has been critical for our survival to properly perceive the motion of our
body and of the world around us; If we get conflicting information from our senses, it means
something is not right with our perceptual and motor systems; Our bodies have evolved to
\___ \___ by minimizing physiological disturbances produced by absorbed toxins

Evolutionary Theory ; protect us

\_____ \_____ theory states motion sickness is a result of when an animal lacks or has not
yet learned strategies to keep upright and stable

Postural instability theory

\____ is the use of technology that stimulates the senses of touch and motion, especially to
reproduce in remote operation or computer simulation the sensations that would be felt by a
user interacting directly with physical objects

Haptics

Another name for 3d sound is \___ \____

holophonic sound

\_____ in VR leads to increased presence

Locomotion

\____________ is a collection of virtual reality locomotion techniques which enables the user
to walk inside the virtual environment by walking on paths in the real world, which may vary
from the paths they perceive in the virtual environment

Redirected walking

The original Link Trainer was created in 1929 out of the need for a \____ way to teach new pilots how to fly by instruments

SAFE

1930s: Stanley G Weinbaum, science fiction writer, releases 'Pygmalion's Spectacles', a story about a pair of goggles that let the wearer experience a fictional world through holographic, taste, \___ and touch

SMELL

In 1938, French avant-garde playwright \____ \____ described the illusory nature of characters and objects in the theatre as "la réalité virtuelle" (\____ \_____) in a collection of essays

Antonin Artaud ; Virtual Reality

1950s: Cinematographer Morton Heilig developed the Sensorama, an arcade-style theatre cabinet that would stimulate all the

SENSES

1960: Heilig went on to invent the Telesphere Mask, which is thought to be the first example of a \_________; It was incredibly basic and only worked with non-interactive films without any motion tracking

HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY

1961: The first motion tracking \______ \_____ \_____ "Headsight" is created; It had a video screen for each eye and a magnetic motion tracking system; It was originally created to allow for immersive remote viewing of dangerous situations by the military

head mounted display; Headsight

In 1968 Ivan Sutherland and his student Bob Sproull created the first VR / AR head mounted display "\______ \__ \_______ " that was connected to a computer and not a camera; It was a large and scary looking contraption that was too heavy for any user to comfortably wear and was suspended from the ceiling

Sword of Damocles

1974: Myron Krueger built the first artificial reality lab called 'Videoplace', which used computer graphics, projectors, video cameras, video displays and position-sensing technology surrounding the user to create an interactive environment that didn't require a

HEADSET

Ed Catmull (who started Pixar) created the first solid 3d shape on the computer, his wife's

HAND

1979, Eric Howlett developed the Large Expanse, Extra Perspective (LEEP) optical system for NASA;
Finger-tracking \_____ for VR called "Sayre" are invented by Daniel Sandin and Thomas DeFanti in 1982

GLOVES

1987: Virtual Reality finally gets a name thanks to \____ \____, founder of the Visual Programming Lab; Lanier's company VPL Research developed a range of virtual reality tech, including the Dataglove, and the EyePhone mounted display; They were the first company to sell VR goggles

Jared Lanier

Virtuality launched and went on to become the first mass-produced, networked, multiplayer VR

entertainment system

1990: Boeing researcher Tom Caudell coins the phrase

Augmented Reality

1992: VR is introduced to a large audience thanks to the Stephen King film

"The Lawnmower Man"

1992 - Carolina Cruz-Neira, Daniel J Sandin and Thomas A DeFanti from the Electronic Visualization Laboratory created the first Cubic Immersive room, the \____ \_____ \_____ \____ (CAVE)

Cave Automatic Virtual Environment

1993: Sega announced its \____ \__ headset The prototype had head tracking, stereo sound and LCD screens; However, the product was never actually released

SEGA VR

1994: Augmented reality enters the world of theatre; Julie Martin creates the theatre production '\_____ \____ \_____' featuring projected acrobats who danced within and around virtual objects on the physical stage

Dancing in Cyberspace

In 1994, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill presented a compelling medical AR application, capable of letting a physician observe a \___ directly within a pregnant patient

fetus

1995: Nintendo \_____ \___ was a 3D gaming headset; However, this was also a failure just like SEGA due to issues with color, lack of software support and it being uncomfortable

Virtual Boy

In 1997, Feiner developed the first \______ AR system, the Touring Machine at Columbia University

OUTDOOR

1998 - \___________ cast the first yellow first-down marker onto the field during a live NFL game

Sportvision

2000: Hirokazu Kato created the ARToolKit, a software \______ that uses video tracking to overlay computer graphics on a video camera

LIBRARY

2009: Print media uses AR for the first time; \_________ \______ prompts readers to scan the cover to make Robert Downey Jr come to life on the page

Esquire Media

2010: Palmer Luckey designed the first prototype of \________ \_______; It was built on a shell of another VR headset but he was able to add a 90 Degree field of vision, which was a completely new feature to any headsets- Facebook purchases it in 2014 for $2BN

Oculus Rift

2012: Google announced shipment of Google Glass; Given controversy about \__________ concerns, however, the initial launch sputtered rather horrifically

PRIVACY

2015: Wall Street Journal launched a VR roller coaster that followed the ups and downs of the \_______ stock market

NASDAQ

2016 - HoloLens is a pair of \________ smart glasses developed and manufactured by Microsoft

MIXED REALITY

2016: Pokemon Go is released; It quickly became the most popular \_____________ applications and as a result the popularity of augmented reality games increases

SMARTPHONE AR

In the Pepper's Ghost \_____, it reflected the image of a hidden and brightly illuminated actor, whose image the audience perceived superimposed onto the stage behind the glass

ILLUSION

British inventor William Friese-Greene is as well-known among serious film buffs for not having invented \_____ as he is for inventing it

CINEMA

Frederic Eugene Ives patented the \___________ stereogram, the first "no glasses" autostereoscopic 3-D display technology

PARALLAX

The earliest confirmed \________ \_______ shown to an out-of-house audience was The Power of Love, which premiered at the Ambassador Hotel Theater in Los Angeles on 27 September 1922

3D FILM

Most famous for the Polaroid line of cameras, Edwin H Land creation of \_________ sheet material made full-color 3-D movies possible

POLARIZING

The early 50s had a rush of 3D films being released; However, the popularity of 3D films declined after this period, mostly due to \__________ \___________ (3D films required two synchronized film rolls), and the passing of the fad

TECHNICAL PROBLEMS

John Norling shot Chrysler's 'In Tune with Tomorrow', the first \______________ \__ film using Polaroid (polarizing film) in the US

COMMERCIAL 3D

1952's "Bwana Devil" is notable for sparking the first 3D film \_____ in the motion picture industry

CRAZE

\____ \_______ Studios entered 3D movies with its 1953, release of "Melody"

WALT DISNEY

1953's "House of Wax" was the first-time audiences heard recorded \_________ sound

STEREOPHONIC

NASA's Valerie L Thomas is known for inventing the illusion \___________ and developing the digital media formats image processing systems used in the early years of NASA's Landsat program

TRANSMITTER

In 2003, "Ghosts of the Abyss" by James \______ was released as the first full-length 3D IMAX feature filmed with the Reality Camera System

CAMERON

One of the most \__________ films ever made, "Avatar" was not the first major 3D movie, but it contributed greatly to the mainstream release of films in 3D

EXPENSIVE

2010's "Scar3D" was the first-ever stereoscopic 3D \___________ film released through major cable broadcasters for 3D televisions in the United States

VIDEO-ON-DEMAND

2014's "Goodbye to Language" by Jean-Luc Godard is a 2014 French-Swiss VR 3D \__________ narrative essay film

EXPERIMENTAL

In 360-degree video, the locations of viewers are \________ viewers are limited to the angles captured by the cameras and cannot interact with the environment

FIXED

Oculus Story Studios' Henry, the tale of a lovable, hard to hug hedgehog and his search for friendship, garnered the first ever \________ awarded to a virtual reality short film

EMMY

2017's "Miyubi" was the first \____________ feature film

FULL LENGTH VR

2019's "\___________" was Disney's first VR film

CYCLES

While technically not VR, Virtual Production (XR) is giving filmmakers \__________ tools to give the illusion of vast set designs

VIRTUAL REALITY

In Liquid Crystal Shutter VR Glasses, each eye's glass contains a liquid crystal layer which has the property of becoming \________ when voltage is applied, being otherwise transparent

OPAQUE

1982's Sega SubRoc3d was the first commercial video game in \___________; Also used sprite scaling

STEREOSCOPIC 3-D

In vision therapy of amblyopia and of intermittent central suppression, liquid crystal devices have been used for purposes of enhanced occlusion

THERAPY

A virtual retinal display is a display technology that draws a raster display (like a television) directly onto the \______ of the eye

RETINA

In 2022, The Quest 2 faced criticism over the mandate that users must log in with a \__________ account to use it; Some users were unable to use the headset due to their \__________ account being suspended

FACEBOOK