Marine bilogy midterm 2

Leatherback turtles are

endotherms

define ecology

the study between organisms and their environments

types of symbiosis

parasitism, mutualism, commensal

thick layer of fat used in marine mammals used for insulation, buoyancy, and energy storage

blubber

two adaptations that marine mammals posses for diving

lungs that are efficient in oxygen exchange, bradycardia which is the slowing of the heart

True jellies

Scypozoa

What are three different strategies to deal with desiccation?

run and hide: mobile organisms move into wet, shady, crevasses

clam up: shelled organisms will close shell to keep water inside

tolerate

What is the main source of food in soft-bottom intertidal systems?

detritus - dead or particulate organic material.

Estuaries

Enclosed coastal zones where fresh and saltwater meet and mix

four different estuaries

Coastal plain, Bar-built, tectonic, fjords

Coastal plain

estuary formed when sea level rose at the end of the last glaciation

Bar-built

estuary formed when barrier islands/sand bars separated a section of coast where freshwater enters

tectonic

estuary formed when land sinks due to tectonic plate movements

fjords

formed in deep valley created by retracting glaciers

Cnidarians

anemones, jellies, and corals. often are polyap or medusa, which is based on the surface their mouth is located

Worms

Flatworms, nematodes, round worms, arrow worms. bilateral symmetry, long and flexible.

Mollusks

snails, clams, sea slugs, cephlapods. Ventral, muscular foot to aid in movement

Arthropods

crabs, isopods, lobsters, horseshoe crabs. have hard shelled bodies to protect soft bodies

Echinoderms

sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sand dollars. Planktonic larvae stages

kinds of fishes

jawless fishes, carilageonous fishes, and boney fishes

Chromatophores

special cells in the skin that contain colored pigments

structular colors

special surface reflects on only certain colors of light

coloration can be used for

mating, warning predators, or camouflage

body types fish use to swim

cadual-fin swimmers, Median and paired-fin swimmers, Myomeres

two main particulate organic matter feeding modes:

suspension feeding and deposit feeding

example of anadromous fish

salmon

what are three orders of marine reptiles and examples of their common names?

crocodiles - crocodilia

sea turtles - chelonia

sea snakes - squamata

cadual-fin swimmers

side to side

Median and pair-finned swimmers

fin moments and using tails to steer

Myomeres

bands of muscles that run alongside the body and uses rythmic contracts to aid in movement