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gamma ray
electromagnetic wave with no mass and no charge that travels at the speed of light and is usually emitted with alpha or beta particles from a decaying atomic nucleus
alpha particle
a particle of 2 protons and 2 neutrons emitted from a nucleus in one type of radioactivity. ex. a helium nucleus
beta particle
an electron emitted from the nucleus during some kinds of radioactive decay.
chain reaction
a reaction in which the products from one reaction are used to start another reaction.
nuclear fission
the splitting of the nucleus of a large atom into two or more fragments; releases additional neutrons and energy
nuclear fusion
the combination of the nuclei of small atoms to form a larger nucleus; releases energy
radioactivity
The process in which some substances spontaneously emit radiation
half-life
the time needed for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to undergo radioactive decay.