GENSCI L5 Q1
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23 Terms
Pressure
is the amount of force applied over a certain area.
• Pressure in fluids acts equally in all directions.
• Pressure
increases
as
depth
increases.
• Liquids
can
transfer
pressure
efficiently because they are nearly incompressible.
high pressure
the pressure at the bottom is
low pressure
the pressure at the top is
pressure formula
P= F/A
pressure examples
boyles law, hydraulic jack working and gay lussacs law
density
refers to the amgunt of mass present in a given volume.
Gas
Objects with greater density are heavier for their size.
Density affects whether an object floats or sinks.
Water has a density of about
/Low Density
1000 kg/m3
Density formula
p=m/v
buoyancy
is the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object
immersed in it.
buoyant force
Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object
immersed in it.This upward force is called the
archimedes principle
"An object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object."
Floats
if buoyant force is greater than the object's weight → the object is __
sinks
buoyant force is less than the object's weight → the object
to sink
take on water
to rise
expel water
to hover
to match water density
archimedes principle formula
Fb= pgV
fluid flow
refers to the movement of liquids and gases from one place to another.
laminar flow
Smooth and orderly movement of fluid.
Occurs at low speeds.
Ex. Water flowing slowly from a faucet
tuberlent flow
Irregular and chaotic movement.
Occurs at high speeds.
Ex. Rapids in rivers
hydraulic system
It uses
a special liquid under pressure
incompressible fluid (usually oil to transfer force from one point to another or to move and control machines.
spreading pressure evenly through the liquid
pump, valves, cylinders
Pascal's Law
states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions
hydraulic
barbers chair and elevators are examples of
Pascal principle
"Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally throughout the fluid."
small force → large force
pascal principle formula
F1/A1 = F2/A2