Wildlife Conservation History and Climate Change Effects

Hunters' conservation contributions

Financial support through licenses and fees for conservation.

Biological carrying capacity

Maximum population an environment can sustain.

One Health

Interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health.

Trend in American hunters

Decreasing numbers challenge conservation funding efforts.

Habitat selection

Process organisms use to choose optimal environments.

Ecological trap

Habitat that seems suitable but harms survival rates.

Distemper danger

Highly contagious disease threatening carnivore populations.

Sea otter diseases

Affected by toxoplasmosis and sarcocystis from pollution.

Wildlife disease management

Strategies include vaccination and habitat management.

Climate change definition

Long-term global changes in temperature and weather.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

UN body assessing climate science and impacts.

Sea level rise effects

Causes habitat loss and ecosystem changes.

Bioclimatic envelope modeling

Predicts species distributions based on climate variables.

Native American wildlife management

Hunting, fishing, and land burning shaped ecosystems.

Wildlife rebound after Europeans

Disease reduced Native American populations, easing wildlife pressures.

George Catlin

Proposed national parks concept in the 1830s.

Yellowstone National Park

Established in 1872 as the first national park.

Boone and Crockett Club

Founded in 1887 to promote conservation and ethical hunting.

Pittman-Robertson Act

1937 act funding wildlife conservation via hunting equipment taxes.

Rachel Carson

Marine biologist whose book raised environmental awareness.

National Environmental Policy Act

1970 law requiring environmental assessments for federal actions.

North American Model

Wildlife management framework emphasizing public ownership and funding.

Sustainability of harvest

Maintaining viable wildlife populations while allowing hunting.

Societal carrying capacity

Tolerance level of communities for wildlife populations.

Limiting factor

Environmental conditions restricting organism growth or distribution.

Avian cholera origin

Introduced via domestic poultry, affecting waterfowl.

Brucellosis in humans

Transmitted from animals, causes undulant fever.

Epidemiology

Study of disease distribution and control in populations.

Northern Hemisphere warming

Warmer due to landmass and industrial activity.

Thermal expansion

Water volume increases as temperature rises.

Ice loss areas

Arctic and Antarctic regions, especially Greenland.

Phenotypic plasticity

Organisms' trait changes in response to environment.

Bird migration changes

Altered timing and routes due to climate change.

Species distribution shifts

Species move to higher altitudes or latitudes.