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Lat skull for sinuses views which sinuses?
what should be parallel to Bucky?
Centering
Ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal (paranasal) sinuses
IOML
.5 to 1” posterior to canthus - corner of “I”
Lat skull projection
where is CR centered?
2” above external auditory meatus
Lat nasal bone
Cr centered to
.5” distal to nasion
What should be seen in any lat skull projection (3)
ant and pos clinoid processes
supraorbital margins and wings of sphenoid superimped
superimped cranial and facial structures
Lat face bones
CR?
halfway between outer canthus and EAM
AxioLATeral Ramus
CR
25° cephalic, enters ramus at Area of interest (ROI)
Axiolateral TMJ’s
CR
25-30° caudal thru 2” above and ‘5” anterior to EAM
Waters Position
what is perp to IR?
where is pt’s face?
Mento Meatal line (eam to chin)
facing bucky
Parietocanthial Waters Sinus and Face bones
CR enters/exits
exits acanthion
Submentovertical Schuller Method
what is perp/parallel to bucky?
MSP, IOML parallel to bucky, pt is looking straight up
where does CR enter for all SMV projections
between angles of mandibles
Towne’s position
What is perp to bucky? Where is pt’s face
OML, facing away from bucky
AP axial skull, Towne’s
what is angle and entrance of CR
AP ax TMJ’s
what is angle and entrance of CR
30° caudal entering 2-2.5” above glabella
35° caudal going thru TMJ’s
caldwell position
positoning and CR
facing bucky
OML perp to Bucky, nose and forehead touching
Pa axial Caldwell skull and facial bones CR angle and entrance
Pa sinuses Caldwell mod CR angle and entrance
15° caudal exits nasion
OML 15° cephalic , exits nasion
what does modded caldwell for body of mandibles positioning look like?
nose and chin on bucky, perp CR exits lips
what position is this?
waters
what position is this?
townes
what position is this?
caldwell
what position is this?
smv schuller
air fluid in sinus means basal_____ ______
skull fracture
multiple myeloma should use higher or lower kVp to avoid overpenetrating _______lesions
lower, lytic