BIO 111 Week 3: Structure & Function/Cells

Cells that have a membrane-bound nucleus are referred to as

Eukaryotic

Which of the following statements is true regarding plants and animals

They are composed of eukaryotic cells

What is a unique feature of plant cells not found in animal cells?

Chloroplast

Which statement correctly describes prokaryotic cells

They lack membrane-bound organelles

Which structure is found only in eukaryotic cells

Membrane-bound nucleus

Which statement accurately describes a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Where is the DNA located in a prokaryotic cell?

Nucleoid region.

Why are eukaryotic cells considered more complex than prokaryotic cells?

They contain membrane-bound organelles that perform specific functions.

Which combination of features correctly describes eukaryotic cells?

Membrane-bound nucleus and specialized organelles

In prokaryotes, chromosomal DNA is located in the

Nucleoid

What is the primary role of the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?

Selective permeability

What is the composition of the peptidoglycan cell wall in bacteria?

Polymers of amino acids and sugars

List the layers surrounding a prokaryotic cell in the correct order from inside to outside.

Plasma membrane → cell wall → capsule

Which function is commonly provided by plasmids in prokaryotic cells?

Antibiotic resistance

Which statement correctly describes prokaryotic cells?

They can contain specialized internal functions with specific functions.

Cyanobacteria are able to carry out photosynthesis due to the presence of

Thylakoids

What is the function of the capsule in some bacteria

Adhesion and protection

How is prokaryotic DNA structurally organized within the cell

A single circular DNA molecule in a nucleoid region without a membrane

What is the size range of prokaryotic cells?

0.1–5.0 micrometers.

What type of ribosome is found in prokaryotic cells?

70S

How does the genome structure differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes have circular DNA molecules, while eukaryotes have linear DNA.

What is a unique feature of eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells?

Presence of membrane-bound organelles.

Why are eukaryotic cells capable of complex biological functions?

They form multicellular organisms with specialized cells.

What advantage does the lack of membrane-bound organelles provide to prokaryotic cells?

Enables rapid growth and reproduction.

How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes differ?

Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S, while eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S.

Why are eukaryotic cells generally larger than prokaryotic cells?

They contain membrane-bound organelles and complex internal structures.

Where is the DNA located in prokaryotic cells?

In the nucleoid region.