Mcrobiology

What type of bacteria is this?

Spirillum

What type of bacteria is this?

Coccus

What type of bacteria is this?

Bacillus

What type of **attached** cell is this?

**Dipto-:** Cells arranged in pairs

What type of **attached** cell is this?

**Strepto-** : cells in attached in chains

What type of **attached** cell is this?

**Tetrads:** Cells arranged in squares

What type of **attached** cell is this?

Random planes of clumped cells + planes

Describe the features of **Gram Positive Bacteria**

* Thick **layer** of **peptidoglycan**
* This holds on to the dye **crystal violet**
* Dye is **washed out** by **ethanol**
* They appear **purple**

Give an example of a **gram positive**

Stapyloccus

**T/F:** Penicillin is effective against **Gram Positive Bacteria**

**True**

Describe **Gram Negative Bacteria**

* They have a **complex** cell wall w/ a thin layer of peptidoglycan
* They also have a **thick outer layer** of **lipopolysaccharide**
* **Crystal Violet** is removed when rinsed with **ethanol**
* They appear **pink**

Give an example of **Gram Negative Bacteria**

E.Coli

**T/F: Penicillin is not effective against Gram Negative Bacteria**

**True:** Penicillin is not effective against GNB so Vanomycin is used instead

Described the process of **A Gram Stain**

* Begin with a heat-fixed emulsion
* Cover the smear with **crystal violet** stain for 1 minute
* Grasp the slide with a slide holder + rinse w/ distilled water
* Cover the smear w/ **iodine stain** for 1 minute
* Rinse w/ distilled water
* Decolorise with **95%** ethanol until the run-off is clear
* Counterstain with **safrinin**
* Gentle blot dry in **bibulous paper**