Nerve supply of body wall

Spinal Nerve

Nerve responsible for spinal reflex actions.

Spinal Reflex

Involuntary response without brain involvement.

Thoracic Nerves

12 nerves from T1 to T12 supplying body wall.

Lumbar Nerve

First lumbar nerve (L1) contributes to body wall.

Spinal Segment

Each segment has two pairs of nerve roots.

Cauda Equina

Bundle of spinal nerves below spinal cord.

Dorsal Root

Sensory root containing spinal ganglion.

Ventral Root

Motor root without a bulge.

Spinal Ganglion

Bulge containing sensory neuron cell bodies.

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Fluid surrounding and protecting spinal cord.

White Matter

Myelinated axons in spinal cord.

Grey Matter

Contains cell bodies of motor neurons.

Vertebral Foramen

Opening for spinal cord in vertebrae.

Intervertebral Foramen

Opening for spinal nerves to exit.

Dorsal Ramus

Supplies muscles and skin of the back.

Ventral Ramus

Supplies front body structures and skin.

Spinal Meninges

Membranes protecting the spinal cord.

Denticulate Ligament

Stabilizes spinal cord, prevents lateral movement.

Meningitis

Inflammation of the spinal meninges.

Dura Mater

Outer tough layer of spinal meninges.

Arachnoid Mater

Middle layer between dura and pia.

Pia Mater

Innermost layer attached to neural tissue.

Rami Communicans

Connects spinal nerves to sympathetic nervous system.

Preganglionic Fibers

Connect spinal nerve to sympathetic trunk.

Postganglionic Fibers

Rejoin spinal nerve after sympathetic trunk.

Dermatome

Skin segment innervated by specific nerve.

Shingles

Rash along dermatome from dormant virus.

Intercostal Nerves

Nerves from T1 to T11 supplying thorax.

Referred Pain

Pain felt in different body area.

Thoracoabdominal Nerves

T7 to T11 supplying abdominal wall muscles.

Subcostal Nerve

Nerve from T12 supplying abdominal region.

Iliohypogastric Nerve

L1 nerve innervating abdominal muscle and skin.

Ilioinguinal Nerve

L1 nerve innervating inner abdominal muscles.