War of 1812 Study Guide Flashcards

A series of flashcards detailing important terms and key figures related to the War of 1812 and early American history.

Second War of Independence

The term describes the War of 1812, where America fought Britain again to prove its sovereignty and independence.

14th Colony

Refers to Canada, which was controlled by Britain during the War of 1812.

Impressment

The act of kidnapping American sailors by the British Royal Navy to serve in their navy, seen as a violation of American sovereignty.

Tecumseh

A powerful Shawnee leader who united Native American tribes against American expansion and received support from the British.

Non-Intercourse Act

A law aimed at stopping trade with both Britain and France, trying to pressure these countries to respect American neutrality.

Hawks

Pro-war politicians, like Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, who believed in fighting Britain to defend American honor.

Doves

Anti-war politicians who argued against the War of 1812, concerned about its economic impact and destruction.

Embargo Act

A law proposed by Jefferson that stopped all American trade, aimed at punishing Britain and France, but devastated the American economy.

Era of Good Feelings

A period after the War of 1812 (1815-1824) characterized by national unity, pride, and a decline in partisan conflict.

Monroe Doctrine

A policy declaring that the US would protect all of Latin America and that European powers should not interfere in the Western Hemisphere.

Corrupt Bargain

The supposed deal between Adams and Clay in the Election of 1824, which Jackson believed stole the presidency from him.

Factory System

A method of production that emerged during the Market Revolution, characterized by mass production in factories.

Cotton Gin

An invention by Eli Whitney that made cotton processing efficient, leading to an increase in cotton production and a demand for enslaved labor.

Market Revolution

The transformation from subsistence agriculture to a market-based economy, leading to the rise of factories and wage labor.

Nullification Crisis

A conflict during Jackson's presidency when South Carolina refused to follow federal tariffs and attempted to nullify federal laws.

Trail of Tears

The forced removal of Cherokee people from their homes, resulting in a long and devastating march to designated territory.

Federalists

A political party that opposed the War of 1812 and suffered losses leading to its decline after the war.

Andrew Jackson

The 7th President of the United States, known as 'Old Hickory,' who expanded the powers of the presidency and was a war hero of the War of 1812.

Francis Scott Key

A lawyer who wrote 'The Star-Spangled Banner' after witnessing the bombardment of Fort McHenry during the War of 1812.

James Madison

The 4th President of the United States, often referred to as 'Mr. Madison’s War' due to his role in the War of 1812.