Media Types, Communication, and Literacy in Digital Age

What are the two main types of media?

Digital Media and Printed Media.

What is communication?

The act of transmitting information, ideas, or attitudes from one person to another.

List the six types of communication.

Verbal, Written, Non-Verbal, Mass Communication, Visual Communication, Group Communication.

What is information?

A set of organized and interpreted data.

What are some advantages of media?

Connects people globally, tools for sharing information, strengthens relationships, reduces communication barriers.

What are some threats of media?

Source of misinformation, loss of etiquette and respect, threats to well-being.

Define media literacy.

The ability to access, analyze, educate, and create media.

What is information literacy?

The ability to recognize when information is needed and to locate and evaluate it effectively.

What does technology literacy entail?

The ability to use digital technology communication tools.

What are the similarities among media literacy, information literacy, and technology literacy?

They cultivate abilities, draw on critical thinking skills, and require analytical skills.

What is a media habit?

A recurring action often acquired through frequent repetition.

Define lifestyle in the context of media habits.

A way of life or living of a person or group.

What is traditional media?

Anything that existed before the Internet, including various forms of mass media and non-electric mediums.

What is the most widely known form of traditional media?

Newspaper.

What is the role of radio in traditional media?

Broadcasts news, music shows, talk shows, or interviews.

What characterizes the electronic age of media?

The emergence of early computers and televisions.

What significant invention was made by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876?

The telephone.

What is the printing press used for?

Mass production of uniform printed matter.

What is the information age characterized by?

The Internet as a form of communication and the creation of social networks.

What is the purpose of information needs?

To locate, access, assess, organize, and communicate information.

What is the significance of the telegraph?

It transmits messages over long distances through wires using Morse code.

What is a phonograph?

A record player that reproduces sounds using vibrations of a stylus or needle.

What materials were used for early writing mediums in the pre-industrial age?

Papyrus and clay tablets.

What is the recognition of the necessity for information in problem-solving and decision-making?

Information Literacy

What does 'locates' refer to in the context of information literacy?

The process or method to find specific pieces of information or data.

What does 'accesses' mean in relation to information?

The ability to obtain and use information from multiple sources.

What does 'assesses' involve when evaluating information?

Evaluating the credibility, relevance, accuracy, and bias of the information.

What does 'organizes' refer to in information literacy?

Arranging information in a structured and systematic way.

What are the characteristics of print media?

Consists of paper and ink, reproduced traditionally through a mechanical process; includes texts, graphics, or a combination of both, such as books, magazines, and journals.

What is text media?

A simple and flexible format for conveying ideas, either handwritten or printed.

What is typography?

The art and technique of arranging text; the visual component of the written word.

What does visual media include?

Pictures, photos, images, and graphics used to communicate using the sense of sight.

What is broadcast media?

Media that reaches the target audience using airwaves as the transmission medium, such as radio and television.

What is audio media?

Media that uses voice or audio recording as a medium in the delivery of information, appealing to the auditory sense.

What is multimedia?

A combination of sounds, graphics, video, and animations delivered by a computer or other digital device to convey information.

What is new media?

Integrating different technologies in one digital platform to augment an organized reality and distribute video games.

What does mass media refer to?

Channels of communication that transmit information to large numbers of people.

What are mass effects?

The intended or unintended consequences of mass media.

What is the third-party theory in media effects?

The belief that individuals think they are more immune to media influence than others.

What is the reciprocal effect in media influence?

When a person or event receives media attention, influencing the way the person acts or the event functions.

What does the boomerang effect refer to?

A media-induced change that is counter to the desired change.

What does cultivation theory state?

Media exposure, particularly to television, shapes our social reality by distorting our view of violence and risk in the world.

What is agenda-setting theory?

The process whereby mass media determine what the public thinks and worries about, influencing perceptions rather than actual events.

What is indigenous knowledge?

Traditional wisdom, skills, and practices developed by a community over time.

What is the denotative meaning in media?

The literal meaning of media — what you see or hear at face value without interpretation.

What is connotative meaning?

An ambiguous meaning that can vary based on a person's perspective, culture, and experiences, including emotions and implied meanings.

What are symbolic codes in media?

Elements that exist beyond the media product itself and convey deeper meanings, such as setting, atmosphere, color, vibe, and mise-en-scène.

What is an Audio Code in media?

Expressive sounds, music, and effects that add meaning.

What does Written Code refer to in media?

The formal language, text, or captions used in a media product.

What are Technical Codes in media?

Relate to how equipment is used to tell a story in media texts, including camera techniques, framing, and lighting.

How does Camera Work contribute to storytelling in media?

It involves how the camera is positioned, moved, or handled, such as using handheld techniques for realism or tracking shots for smooth motion.

What role does Lighting play in media production?

It manipulates natural or artificial light to create mood, emphasize subjects, or guide attention, including the use of shadows for dramatic effect.

What are Media Conventions according to Robert Young?

Accepted ways of using media codes that audiences recognize and understand.

What is Form Convention in media?

How media codes are arranged, such as in documentary formats or TV show structures.

What is Story Convention in media?

Common narrative structures, character types, and themes that audiences expect.

What is Genre Convention in media?

A distinctive style in terms of form or presentation.

What is a Media Message?

The ideas, values, and information that media content communicates to the audience through codes and conventions.

Who are Media Stakeholders?

Individuals or groups that have an interest or investment in the media industry.

Give an example of a Media Stakeholder.

Government Agencies, such as the MTRCB (Movie and Television Review and Classification Board).

What are Media Producers responsible for?

The creation, development, and management of media content, deciding the form, style, and delivery of information.

Who are Media Audiences?

Consumers who interact with and respond to media content, influencing its awareness, popularity, and success.

What is Consumer Preference in the context of media audiences?

The type of media that audiences choose to consume.

What does Engagement measure in media audiences?

How actively audiences interact with the media, such as sharing, commenting, or discussing.

What is Feedback in relation to media audiences?

Direct responses or reactions to media content.

What is Digital Citizenship?

The ability to find, access, use, and create information effectively and navigate the online environment safely and responsibly.

What does Intellectual Property (IP) refer to?

The output of a person's intellectual pursuit, such as literary and artistic works.

What is Copyright?

A legal term describing the rights that creators have over their literary and artistic works, lasting until the author's lifetime plus 50-70 years.

What is a Patent?

A legal document giving the holder exclusive intellectual property rights over an invention, lasting 20 years from the filing date.

What is a Trademark?

A distinctive sign, symbol, or word used to identify goods or services, with indefinite duration as long as it is in use and renewed.

What constitutes Plagiarism?

Closely imitating the language or thoughts of another author without authorization, including copying text, ideas, or images without proper attribution.

What is Fair Use?

The limited use of copyrighted material without permission, usually for purposes such as review, commentary, criticism, news reporting, teaching, or parody.