Colonial America Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering key historical figures, events, and concepts of Early Colonial America based on the lecture transcript.

Anne Hutchinson

Puritan woman banished from Massachusetts for challenging church leaders.

Bacon's Rebellion

1676 Virginia uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor Berkeley.

Captain John Smith

Jamestown leader who helped the struggling colony survive.

Congregational Church

Puritan church where each local congregation governed itself.

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

1639 plan of government often called America's first written constitution.

Great Migration

Large movement of Puritans from England to New England during the 1630s.

Headright System

Gave 50 acres of land for paying a person's passage to Virginia.

House of Burgesses

First elected representative legislature in the colonies, founded in Virginia in 1619.

Indentured Servitude

Labor system where people worked several years in exchange for passage to America.

Indian War of 1622

Powhatan attack on Virginia settlements that killed hundreds of colonists.

Iroquois Confederacy

Alliance of Native American nations in present-day New York.

John Calvin

Protestant leader who taught predestination and influenced Puritan beliefs.

John Rolfe

Jamestown settler who made tobacco a profitable Virginia crop.

John Winthrop

Puritan governor of Massachusetts Bay known for "city upon a hill."

Lord Baltimore

Founder of Maryland, created partly as a refuge for Catholics.

Mayflower Compact

1620 agreement by the Pilgrims to form a self-governing community.

Metacom/King Philip

Wampanoag leader who fought colonists in King Philip's War.

Middle Passage

Forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas.

Pequot War

War where New England colonists and allies defeated the Pequot people.

Pilgrims

Separatists who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620.

Proprietary Colony

Colony owned and governed by a person or group given land by the king.

Puritans

Protestants who wanted to reform or "purify" the Church of England.

Roger Williams

Founded Rhode Island and supported religious freedom and separation of church and state.

Royal Colony

Colony directly controlled by the English king.

Sir William Berkeley

Virginia governor opposed by Nathaniel Bacon during Bacon's Rebellion.

Toleration Act of 1649

Maryland law granting religious freedom to Christians.

William Bradford

Pilgrim leader and longtime governor of Plymouth Colony.