anatomy exam 1: introduction to cells

Structures of plasma membrane

Separates extracellular & intracellular (cytoplasm)

fluid

• Phospholipid bilayer

• Proteins identify and create

pathways for transport

What is the difference between cytoplasm & cytosol

Cytosol = fluid

Cytoplasm = cytosol + membrane

bound organelles

What is the function of

ribosomes?

To assemble proteins

Endoplasmic reticulum

and difference of smooth and rough

Endoplasmic reticulum

Stores calcium

Smooth ER lipid metabolism (synthesis)

Rough ER

Ribosomes assemble proteins

Produces cellular membranes

Golgi apparatus

Sorts, processes & packages proteins and

membranes made by rough ER

Lysosomes

has digestive enzymes

Metabolism (synthesis and break down) of lipids

BREAK THINGS DOWN

Peroxisomes

Break down fatty acid

Protect against hydrogen peroxide h

Mitochondria

• Produce energy

• Contain own DNA

Nucleus

Contains DNA

Normally one/cell

ribosomal RNA produced

in nucleolus (center)

'cytoskeleton: MICROTUBULE

Hollow tubes of tubulin protein

ATTACHMENT site for organelles

Cytoskeleton: MICROFILAMENT

Actin filaments Just below cell membrane

create contractile FORCES for

MOVEMENT

cytoskeleton : Intermediate filament

Protein fibers wound like rope

Resists pulling forces

Cell junctions

Join cells together

Tight junction

Makes SEAL btwn apical region of

cells

• Prevents molecules from passing

between cells and leaking in

Desmosome

Holds cells tightly and STRONGLY together

Gives tissue strength / ANCHORS CELLS TOGETHER

Uses intermediate filaments

Important when cells r pulled

Desmosome parts: LINKER PROTIENS

Link/connect with other linker proteins between cells (intercellular ) to connect adjacent cells

Desmosome parts: intermediate filaments

span inside of cells (intracellular )space to provide strength w/in cell

Desmosome part: gap junction

Hollow protein channels make connection btwn adjacent cells

Allow Molecules to move from cell to cel

Allows for cell to cell communication

Tissue

a group of similar cells and their binding extracellular

matrix joined to perform a specific function

4 tissue types and their functions

1. Epithelium- covering &

lining

2. Connective -tissue support

3. Nervous -control

4. Muscle -movement