Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years' War

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the life of Joan of Arc, the key figures of the Hundred Years' War, and significant military and legal events related to her legacy.

Joan of Arc

A medieval peasant (l. c. 1412-1431 CE) from Domremy, France, who claimed to receive visions from God and turned the tide of the Hundred Years' War in favor of a French victory.

The Hundred Years' War

A series of military campaigns (1337-1453) between France and England over the legitimate succession to the French throne.

Dauphin

The title for the heir to the French throne, specifically referring to Charles VII (r. 1422-1461) during the time of Joan of Arc.

Rheims

The traditional site for the coronation of French kings where Joan of Arc ensured Charles VII was crowned in July 1429.

Lancastrian War

The final period of the Hundred Years' War (1415-1453), named after the House of Lancaster, the ruling house of England at the time.

Agincourt

A 1415 battle where Henry V of England defeated a numerically superior French force, marking a major English victory.

Treaty of Troyes

A 1420 treaty under which Henry V married Catherine of Valois to lay claim to the French throne.

1425

The year Joan of Arc, at age 13, claimed to receive her first vision from God in her father's garden.

Saint Catherine, Saint Michael, and Saint Margaret

The three saints who appeared to Joan of Arc in her visions and instructed her to drive the English from France.

Robert de Baudricourt

The captain of the garrison of Vaucouleurs who eventually escorted Joan of Arc to meet the dauphin at Chinon.

Poitiers

The location where an assembly of clergy examined Joan of Arc for orthodoxy and purity to ensure she was not a witch.

Siege of Orleans

A pivotal military engagement in 1429 that was lifted nine days after Joan of Arc's arrival, signaling a change in French military fortunes.

Loire Campaign

A 1429 initiative following the victory at Orleans that resulted in French victories at Jargeau, Meung, Beaugency, and Patay.

Christine de Pizan

The medieval French writer (l. 1364 - c. 1430) who wrote 'Tale of Joan of Arc,' the first literary work written in Joan's honor.

Burgundians

Allies of the English who captured Joan of Arc in 1430 at Compiegne and sold her to the English.

Rouen

The English-controlled city where Joan of Arc's trial for heresy took place and where she was executed.

Relapsed heretic

The final conviction for which Joan of Arc was sentenced to death after she withdrew her recantation.

1456

The year Joan of Arc was officially exonerated and proclaimed a martyr after her original trial was found to be invalid.

Jeanne des Armoises

A woman who collaborated with Joan's brothers in a six-year scam starting shortly after 1431, pretending to be Joan of Arc.

May 30, 1431

The date Joan of Arc was burned at the stake in Rouen.