sound waves and pressure

a repeated back-and-forth or up-and-down motion

vibration

wave that appears to stay in one place and doesn't seem to move through a medium

standing wave

a point on a wave that has no displacement from the rest position

node

a point of maximum displacement in a wave

anti-node

the moving wave that's produced by a standing wave

pressure wave

number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point every second

frequency\`

the unit of frequency in a second

hertz

horizontal distance between the crests or between the troughs of two adjacent waves; the length in meters of a complete standing wave

wavelength

how fast anything travels

speed

a tone's experienced highness or lowness

pitch

a repeated disturbance that transfers energy from place to place

wave

transfer energy through a medium

mechanical wave

a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicularly to the direction the wave is traveling

transverse wave

matter in the medium moves back and forth along the same direction that the wave travels

compressional wave

the part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together

compression

a part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart

rarefraction

what's sound caused by?

vibrations of molecules of matter

what's the relationship between wavelength, frequency, and pitch?

the shorter the wavelength, the higher the frequency, and the higher the pitch

short wavelength=

high frequency, high pitch

short wavelength=

low frequency, low pitch

how is the speed of sound in the same medium?

constant

what happens when the medium changes?

speed and wavelength change

what happens when the medium is more dense?

the faster the sound will move

where does sound move fastest?

through solids

where does sound move slowest?

through liquids

where does sound not move?

through vacuum where there’s no matter

what does a transducer do?

converts one type of energy into another

how’s a microphone a transducer?

it converts sound energy into electrical energy by detecting and converting sound waves