chemical and electrical energy

coal

carbon

gasoline

CH₂

methane

CH₄

carbon molar mass

12 g/mol

hydrogen molar mass

1 g/mol

oxygen molar mass

16 g/mol

how many eV (electronvolt) per CO2 or H20

1.5 eV

1 eV =

2 x 10⁻¹⁹ J

power =

energy/time

energy =

power(time)

heat engine efficiency (work/force)

1/3

energy density of gas

4 x 10⁷ J/kg

energy density of batteries

8 x 10⁵ J/kg

1 gallon =

4 L

1 L =

1 kg

incandescent lightbulb watt

100 W

1 hr =

3600 seconds

energy of gas vs energy of electric

(1/3)(power rate to fill gas tank)(time to fill gas) = (power rate to fill electric tank)(time to fill electric tank)

power to fill gas tank

10⁷ W

W =

J/sec

time to fill an EV

about 8 hrs

electrical power per family

10³ W

ppl in US

3 x 10⁸ people

intensity of sun

1400 W/m²

radius of Earth

6.4 x 10⁶ m

1 year =

3 x 10⁷ seconds

electrical power usage of US

6 x 10¹¹ W

KE =

(1/2)(M)(V)²

power also =

(efficiency factor)(KE)/time

density of air

1 kg/m³

good guess for efficiency f

10%

density of uranium

2 x 10⁴ kg/m³

200 MeV from a u-235

235 g/mol

1 lb

454 g

1 kg

2.2 lbs

density of water

10³ kg/m³

1 J =

1 W = 1 kgm/s²

human daily Calorie consumption

3,000 Cal/day

how many J in Cal

4 x 10³ J

avg power output of human

10² J

average weight of human

80-100 kg

GJ =

10⁹ J

work =

mgh (g = 10 m/s²)

MW =

10⁷ W