ionic bonding and structure

gcse chem

Ionic bonds

Bonds happening between metals and non-metals where metals give up electrons and non-metals gain electrons.

Ionic compounds

Substances with giant ionic lattices, a regular arrangement of ions with strong electrostatic forces of attraction.

Conductivity of ionic compounds (solid)

Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity when solid due to fixed ions unable to move.

Conductivity of ionic compounds (molten or dissolved)

Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved as ions are free to move.

Melting points of ionic compounds

Ionic compounds have high melting points due to the strong force of attraction between ions.

Charge ions in Group 1 elements

Form 1+ ions due to having 1 electron in their outer shell.

Charge ions in Group 2 elements

Form 2+ ions due to having 2 electrons in their outer shell.

Charge ions in Group 3 elements

Form 3+ ions due to having 3 electrons in their outer shell.

Charge ions in Group 7 elements

Form 1- ions due to having 7 electrons in their outer shell.

Charge ions in Group 6 elements

Form 2- ions due to having 6 electrons in their outer shell.

Charge ions in Group 5 elements

Form 3- ions due to having 5 electrons in their outer shell.

Sodium-Chlorine bonding

Sodium loses 1 electron, chlorine gains 1 electron, forming sodium ion (1+) and chloride ion (1-).

Magnesium oxide bonding

Magnesium loses 2 electrons, oxygen gains 2 electrons, forming magnesium ion (2+) and oxide ion (2-).

Magnesium chloride bonding

Magnesium reacts with two fluorine atoms, loses 2 electrons, forming magnesium ion (2+) and two fluoride ions (1- each).