Applied Nutrition and Public Health Practice Exam Review

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering nutritional indices, deficiencies (Kwashiorkor, Marasmus), assessment methods, and Philippine nutrition laws and policies.

How is the nutritional status of preschool children in the Philippines primarily determined?

Using anthropometric indices like weight for age measurement and mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) for children less than $72$ months.

In developing countries like the Philippines, which population group is most vulnerable to malnutrition?

Preschool children.

What is the primary nutrient deficiency that causes Kwashiorkor?

Protein deficiency.

What nutritional status does height for age or length for age indicate?

Stunting.

What nutritional status does weight for height measurement indicate?

Wasting.

What information does the Food Balance Sheet (FBS) provide?

A rough estimate of food supplies available for consumption at the national level.

What are the indicative clinical signs of marasmus?

Muscle wasting, fat wasting, very low weight for height, and an "old man's face" or monkey face.

What is the specific cut-off point for low birth weight (LBW) babies?

$$2500\,g$$

What is maternal nutrition status primarily related to in terms of the newborn?

The birth weight and the status of the infant at birth.

How is "nutrition surveillance" defined in the transcript?

Watching over and keeping close watch through the collection, analysis, and interpretation of nutrition data.

What is the major source of energy, protein, and iron in the Filipino diet?

Rice.

Which law is referred to as the Breastfeeding Code of the Philippines?

Executive Order (E.O.) $51$.

What condition are children at risk of if born to mothers with simple goiter?

Mental retardation, deaf-mutism, and dwarfism (cretinism).

What is the Nutrition and Dietetics Decree of 1977?

P.D. $1286$, which regulates the practice of nutrition and dietetics in the Philippines.

What are the clinical signs of riboflavin (Vitamin B2) deficiency?

Angular stomatitis and cheilosis.

What factor causes physiologic anemia during pregnancy?

Increased blood volume.

What is the recommended age to suggest giving solid food to infants?

$4$ to $6$ months.

Which hormone is responsible for the release or "let-down" of mother's milk?

Oxytocin.

What is colostrum?

A yellowish fluid secretion from the breast that contains antibodies and establishes the bifidus factor in the intestinal flora.

According to the transcript, stunting characterizes what type of malnutrition?

Chronic malnutrition.

What is the ASIN Law (RA 8172)?

The Act Promoting Salt Iodization Nationwide.

What is the first symptom of Vitamin A deficiency?

Night blindness.

What is the additional energy requirement for a pregnant woman?

$$300\,kcal$$

What is the additional energy requirement for a lactating woman?

$$500\,kcal$$

What is the meaning of the acronym BNS?

Barangay Nutrition Scholar.

What percentage of the $P200,000$ LAKASS seed money may be allocated to provide relief to the malnourished?

$$20\%$$

What is "hidden hunger"?

Micronutrient malnutrition.

What are the common causes of malnutrition according to the UNICEF conceptual framework?

Immediate causes (poor diet, disease), Underlying causes (food insecurity, inadequate care, poor health services), and Basic causes (poverty, war, lack of resources).

What is the hemoglobin level threshold for anemia in pregnant women?

Less than $11\,g/100\,ml$ ($110\,g/L$).

What is the "flag sign" in hair a manifestation of?

Protein energy malnutrition (PEM).

What is the Quetelet Index?

Another name for Body Mass Index (BMI).

How much Vitamin A is contained in one high-dose capsule used for treatment?

$$200,000\,IU$$

What are the three types of malnutrition distinguished by weight-for-age, weight-for-height, and height-for-age?

Wasting, stunting, and a combination of both.

What is the "First 1,000 Days" refers to?

The period from pregnancy until the child's second birthday ($24$ months), considered a critical window of opportunity to reverse malnutrition.

What is the BMI classification for a "normal" adult in the Asia Pacific classification?

$18.5$ to $24.9$