Chapter 32: Drugs Used to Treat Gastroesophageal Reflux and Peptic Ulcer Disease

Flashcards covering gastrointestinal disorders, secretory cell types, and various classes of drugs used for treatment based on Clayton’s Basic Pharmacology for Nurses.

Chief cells

Secretory cells in the stomach that secrete pepsinogen.

Parietal cells

Secretory cells in the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid.

Mucus cells

Secretory cells in the stomach that secrete mucus.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Known as heartburn; the reflux of gastric secretions such as pepsin and hydrochloric acid into the esophagus.

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

A group of stomach disorders, commonly gastric and duodenal ulcers, with symptoms including burning, gnawing, and aching.

Antacids

Drugs that buffer hydrochloric acid to a lower concentration; used to treat heartburn from excessive eating and drinking.

Histamine-2 (H2) Receptor Antagonists

Drugs that block H2 receptors resulting in a decreased volume of acid secreted; used to treat GERD, duodenal ulcers, stress ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Misoprostol (Cytotec)

A gastrointestinal prostaglandin that inhibits gastric acid and pepsin secretion to prevent and treat gastric ulcers caused by NSAIDs.

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Drugs that inhibit gastric secretion by inhibiting the gastric acid pump of the parietal cells.

Sucralfate (Carafate)

A coating agent that adheres to craters of an ulcer, protecting it from acids, pepsin, and bile salts.

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A prokinetic agent that reduces reflux, increases stomach contractions, relaxes the pyloric valve, and increases peristalsis.

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

A condition treated using Histamine-2 receptor antagonists.

Diabetic gastroparesis

A condition treated with the prokinetic agent Metoclopramide (Reglan).

Extrapyramidal symptoms

A serious adverse effect associated with the use of prokinetic agents like Metoclopramide (Reglan).

Hypomagnesemia

A serious adverse effect associated with the use of Proton Pump Inhibitors.