Experimental chemistry

magnetic attraction

magnetic and non-magnetic mixtures

sieving

difference in size of solid in mixtures

sublimation

mixture of substances with one that is sublime

evaporation to dryness

obtaining solute from solvent and solute is thermally stable and will not decompose upon heating

crystallisation

obtaining pure solid from saturated solution and solute is not thermally stable and will decompose upon heating

simple distillation

obtaining solvent from mixture

separating funnel

separating immiscible liquid

fractional distillation

separation of miscible liquids mixtures based on boiling point and homogenous

chromatography

separate components in a mixture based on the different solubilities in a solvent

Retention factor is affected by

identity of substance and choice of solvent

retention factor is not affected by

run time (as Rf = distance travelled by sport/distance travelled by solvent front)

impurities result in a _____ melting point and _____ boiling point

lower, higher