Ap psyc

One function of the glial cells is to

Provide nutrients to interneurons

Within a single neuron the action potential

Travels in one direction towards the axon terminals

The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a natural impulse is called the

Threshold

Alzheimer’s disease is most closely linked to the deterioration of neurons that produce

Acetylcholine

The brains of the patients with Parkinson’s disease have little dopamine. Drugs used to treat such patients bind to dopamine receptors, thereby stimulating those receptors. These drugs would be considered

Agonists

A person with schizophrenia may have an overactive dopamine system. Drugs used to treat this disorder prevent the action of dopamine by keeping it from binding to its receptors. These drugs are

Antagonists

For you to be able to run,_____ must relay messages from your central nervous system to your leg muscles

Motor neurons

the somatic nervous system is a component of the _____ nervous system

Peripheral

Stimulated digestion is to inhibited digestion as the _____ nervous system is to the _____ nervous system

Parasympathetic; sympathetic

Your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the

Medulla

Ellen volunteers during her AP psychology class to try to balance a yardstick on her two fingers. While her eyes are open, she finds the task quite easy. However, when she closes her eyes, she finds the same task almost impossible. Which brain region relies on visual information in coordinating our voluntary movements?

Cerebellum

Information that is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the

Corpus callosum

A picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split-brained patient. At the same time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right visual field. In identifying what she saw, the patient would be most likely to

Verbally report that she saw a boy

People have always responded so positively to Alyssa's good looks that she has developed a socially confident and outgoing personality.This best illustrates

The interaction of nature and nurture

An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet tasting foods

Are genetically predisposed

Your friend is taking her first psychology class. She comes to you saying “I don’t understand why are we studying the brain; I thought this was a psychology class” Because of your background in psychology, your best response should be

“Everything psychological is simultaneously biological”

The movement is positively charged ions across the membrane of a neuron can produce a(n)

Action potential

The selective permeability of a neural membrane creates a(n)

Resting potential

Jose has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of

Endorphins

The tremors of Parkinson’s disease result from the death of nerve cells that produce the neurotransmitter

Dopamine

The ability to recognize faces with the right hemisphere but not with the left hemisphere best illustrates

Lateralization

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that travel across the

synaptic gap

reuptake refers to the

Reabsorption of excess neurotransmitter molecules by sensing a neuron

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into

The bloodstream

A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the

Action potential

While relaxing in a lawn chair enjoying a cool drink, which of the following triggers the “rest-and-digest” response, as your heart rate slows and digestion begins?

Parasympathetic nervous system

Severing a cat’s reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to

Cower in fear

The neural system located at the border between the brain stem and the cerebral hemispheres is known as the

Limbic system

In 1848, Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head. The once friendly, soft-spoken Gage became irritable and dishonest. Gage’s case provided evidence that which region of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior?

Frontal lobes

The region of your cerebral cortex that most likely enables you to recognize a person as your own mother is an

An association area

Which kind of psychological researcher would be most interested in the research question. “Do people who lose most of their cerebral cortex in an accident still exhibit signs of consciousness”

Cognitive neuroscience

When looking at a flying bird, we are consciously aware of our cognitive processing (“It’s a bird”) but not of our subconscious processing of the bird’s form, color, distance, and movement. This illustrates what psychologists call

Dual processing

Assessing the relative effects of nature and nurture on individual differences in personality would be of most direct interests to

Behavior geneticists

The threadlike structures that contain genes are called

Chromosomes

The genome is the complete

Set of genetic material in an organisms chromosomes

Identical twins separated at birth would be most likely to have similar

Personality

If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributed to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. This best illustrates

Natural selection

Evolutionary Psychologist are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human

Reproductive success

An adaptation is an inherited physical or behavioral characteristic that

Increases an organisms chance for survival

A brain lesion refers to ______ of brain tissue

Destruction