Biomechanics Unit 2 Chapter 1

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18 Terms

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Mechanics

The science concerned with the effects of forces acting on objects

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Rigid body mechanics

Studies how solid objects (bones) move when forces act on them, assuming the object doesn’t change shape or size

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Deformable body mechanics

Studies how solid bodies change shape under applied external forces

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2 subclasses of biomechanics

Static- no motion (sum of forces=0)

Dynamic- motion (sum of forces does not equal 0)

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Kinematics

Objects (m) are moving (a)

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Kinematics

Study of forces (F) that cause motion

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Length

Gives magnitude; general distance measurement

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Mass

The amount of matter in an object and is a measure of its inertia

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Weight

The force of gravity acting on an object’s mass (F=m*g)

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Mass vs Weight

Mass is the amount of matter in an object (remains constant) whereas weight is the force of gravity acting on that mass and changes with location

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Inertia

Objects in motion stay in motion, objects at rest stay at rest unless acted on by another force

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Force

A physical push or pull on an object that can change its motion, speed, direction

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Newton of Force (N)

The force required to accelerate a one-kg mass at a rate of one meter per second squared

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Vector

Has magnitude and direction

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Scalars

Has magnitude

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Internal Forces

Forces that act within a system to resist external forces and cause movement

Tensile: apart

Compressive: together

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External Forces

Forces from the environment that act on the human body, influencing motion and posture

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Gravitational force

Fundamental, attracts non contact force between any two objects that have mass or energy