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64 Terms
What four properties does a single, isolated sound have?
Pitch, duration, volume, and timbre
A tuba is _____ pitched than a piccolo
Lower
True or False: A pitch is a single tone whose highness or lowness does not change
True
What is the A string on a guitar?
A-110
If you halve the length of a guitar string, the pitch increases by a factor of two because…?
It vibrates twice as fast
IIf you halve the A string on a guitar, it produces a pitch at ___ Hz
220
Where are high pitches on a piano?
The right
Where are low pitches on a piano??
The left
Moving left to right is called moving ___ the keyboard
Up
What key is roughly in the middle of the piano?
C
What is a half step?
The distance between to adjacent keys
What is a simile for a half step?
A semitone
What is the smallest interval in Western music?
The half step/semitone
What is a whole step?
The distance between every other key
What is a scale?
A sequence of pitches in ascending or descending order
What are the basic intervals of any scale?
Half steps and whole steps
What are the white keys on a piano called?
The natural keys
How many letters do the natural keys span? What letters?
7 letters, A through G
Unless otherwise stated, always assume a pitch is ____
Natural
What does the sharp symbol mean?
The pitch was raised by a half step
What does the flat symbol mean?
The pitch as lowered by a half step
How many lines are on a staff?
5
Where is the clef symbol located?
To the left of the staff
What does the word “Clef” mean?
“Key” in French
What is another name for the treble clef?
The G-clef
What does the treble clef indicate?
That the second line from the bottom is the pitch G
What is another name for the bass clef?
The F-clef
What does the bass clef indicate?
The fourth line from the bottom is the pitch F
What are the two nicknames for the C-clefs?
The alto clef and tenor clef
What does the alto clef indicate?
The middle line is pitch C
What does the tenor clef indicate?
That the fourth line from the bottom is pitch C
What is the grand staff?
Two bracketed staves
On the grand staff, what does the left hand play?
The lower staff
On the grand staff, what does the right hand play?
The upper staff
On the grand staff, what kind of clef is used on the lower staff?
A bass/F-clef
On the grand staff, what kind of clef is used on the upper staff?
A treble/G-clef
A sharp/flat symbol comes before the ____ but after the ____
notehead, pitch symbol
T or F: Most pitches are a single, pure frequency
False
What is a fundamental?
The lowest, loudest, and strongest pitch in a sound
Wha are partials?
Higher pitches that accompany a fundamental pitch
What is another name for partials?
Overtones
How many partials are there above an A fundamental?
16
When did equal temperament become dominant?
1750
Equal temperament divides the octave into how many equal aprts?
12
Is equal tempermant always assumed?
Yes
What is the chromatic scale?
The 12 pitches in ascending order
What are enharmonic pitches?
Two names for the same key
What is a double sharp?
A symbol that indicates a pitch should be raised by two half steps
What is a double flat?
A symbol that indicates a pitch should be lowered by two half steps
How many half steps are in a minor second?
1
How many half steps are in a major second
2
How many half steps are in a minor third?
How man
How many half steps are in a major third?
4
How many half steps are in a perfect fourth?
Five
How many half steps are in an augmented fourth?
6
How many half steps are in a diminished fifth?
6
How many half steps are in a tritone?
6
How many half steps are in a perfect fifth?
7
How many half steps are in a minor sixth?
8
How many half steps are in a major sixth?
9
How many half steps are in a minor seventh?
10
How many half steps are in a major seventh?
11
How many half steps are in an octave?
12
What is the diatonic scale?
The 7 pitches of one key in ascending order