exam - basic extra and intra oral anatomy

Which anatomical landmark is normally seen on intraoral radiographs?

Maxillary sinuses

When labeling radiographs, what should be included?

Date of exposure

Which radiographic exposure produces a radiograph that shows the crowns of both the maxillary and mandibular teeth?

Bitewing

Panoramic images are used to

Assess growth and development

Proper care of phosphor plates includes

Disinfection according to the instructions for use

What are common parts of a dental X-ray machine?

Control panel, extension arm, tubehead

A quality assurance policy for dental radiographs should include a

Written quality assurance (QA) program

What should you ask a patient to do before you begin exposing intramural radiographs?

Remove any removable oral appliance and objects from the head and neck area.

When exposing radiographs on an edentulous patient, compared to a dentyolous patient, the exposure setting should:

Be reduce (decreased)

What is the result of primary, secondary and scatter radiation?

Flip fog (image fogging)

To reduce cross contamination during dental radiography

Wear appropriate PPE and cover the control unit and tubehead with plastic barriers

The paralleling technique is recommended for which radiographic exposure?

Periodical radiographs

Joker smile appearance

Panoramic radiograph when pts chin is too low

PSP receptors should always be handled by the edges to prevent

Scratches

PSP

Photostimulable phosphor - type of digital image receptor

Which structure appears radiopaque on a dental radiograph?

Latina dura

What is the maximum annual permissible dose (mod) of ionizing radiation for a member of the public?

0.1 REM per year L1 msg o 0.001 Sv)

Ionization occurs when a X-ray strikes an acorn and the atom..

Loses or gains an electron, becoming charged (an ion)

Radiolucent

The dark, or black, portions of image • less dense structures

Radiopaque

The light, or white portions of the images

Radiolucent

Periodontal ligaments, pulpal tissues • soft tissue and air space

Radiopaque

Dentil, enamel, filling

Condole of the mandible

Rounded upper back of the lower jawbone. Radiopaque

Maxilla

Two bones that form the upper jaw and part of the maxillary structure •radiopaque

Ramus

Vertical portion at each end of the mandible that are perpendicular•radiopaque

Plural of ramus

Rami

Body of the mandible

Curve, horizontal part of the mandible that extended from one ramus to the other. Radiopaque

Mandible

Single bond lower jaw and oly movable bone in the skull. Made of condoled process, ramus, alveolar

Condoled process

Thin rectangular bone

Alveolar

Compact bone lining the tooth sock

Midsagittal plane (midline)

Imaginary vertical line that equally separate left & right

Orbit

Eye cavity, appears on ceph & pano • radiolucent

Frankfort plane

Imaginary line from the bottom of the eye socket to the ear canal.

Landmark

Specific recognizable feature or point on a bone or body structure to identify its location. To not confuse them with diseases.

What image is this?

Later al way of the nasal fossa and the wall of maxillary sinus. Located on the maxillary canine in the premolar. Radioplaque

This is the?

Air filled cavity located above premolars and molars on each side. Appears radiolucent with a thin radioplaque line

This is?

Pulp tissue once they enter the tooth. Small channels on the jaw bone - blood vessel nerves , supple to the teeth and bone. Radiolucent lines.

This is?

Bony ridge inside of the lower jaw. Extending from molar toward the front. Radiopaque below molar root.

This is?

Passageway inside lower jaw carrier the inferior alveolar and blood vessel. Appears outlined by two thin radioplaque.

Cortical bone

Dense and lines the outside layers of the maxilla and mandible.

Concellous bone

Spongy or very porous and forms the inner portion of the bone

Zygoma

Cheek bone. Appears as radiopaque on maxillary posterior.

This is?

Coronoid process

Coronoid process

Triangular bony protection on the front part of the mandibular ramus (lower jaw) radioplaque

This is?

Zygomatic process of the maxilla.

Zygomatic process of the maxilla

Upper jaw connects with the cheek bone

Appears as a 5 or u-shape radio plaque on the periodical maxillary posterior

This is?

Maxillary tuberosity

Maxillary tuberosity

Located behind the last upper molar

Blood vessels and nerves enter through the maxilla. Radioplaque

This is?

External oblique ridge or external oblique line

This is?

Mental foremen

External oblique ridge or external oblique line

Outer surface of the lower jaw

Front ramus to molar radioplaque

Mental foramen

Opening located on the outside lower jaw apices of premolars. Allows nerve and blood vessel to pass through

This is?

Mental process or ridge

Mental process or ridge

Bony prominence located front of lower jaw in chin area. Radioplaque V SHAPE

This is?

Alveolar process

Alveolar process

Upper and lower jawbone that holds teeth on the sock •radioplaque

Alveolar ridge

Bony ridge that contains the tooth socket

This is?

alveolar ridge

This is?

Nasal fossa ( nasal cavity)

Nasal fossa ( nasal cavity)

Two large air space above upper front teeth. Radiolucent

Nasal septum

Bone structure that divides the left & right nasal. Visible on intraoral X-rays. Radiopaque.

This is?

Nasal septum

This is?

Anterior nasal spine

Anterior nasal spine

Triangle projection from the floor of the nasal fossa located above the maxillary central incision. Appears as a V SHAPE Radioplaque

This is?

Lateral fossa /canine fossa

Lateral fossa /canine fossa

Shallow depression in the maxilla near the canine area. Radiolucent

This is?

Mental fossa

Mental fossa

Shallow depression in the front of mandible. Radiolucent

This is?

Hamulus / humular process

Hamulus / humular process

This is?

Incisive foreman

Incisive foreman

This is?

Lingual foreman

Lingual foreman

This is?

Median palatial suture

Median palatial suture

This is?

Mylohyoid ridge

Mylohyoid ridge

Submandibular fossa

This is?

Submandibular fossa

This is?

Genial tubercles

Genial tubercles

Small bony bump on the inner surfaces of the mandible near the midline.

This is?

Lingual foramen

Lingual foreman

A small opening on the inner surface of the mandible, near the midline and surrounded by the genial turbercles. Allows a small blood vessel to pass through. Small radiolucent dot .

This is?

Incisive foramen

Incisive foramen

A pear shape small opening in the anterior hard palate, behind the upper central incisors. It allows nerves and blood vessels to pass through. Round, radiolucent between the roots of the upper central incisors.

This is?

Hamulus / humular process

Hamulus / humular process

A small, hook-shaped portion of bone extending located behind the maxillary tuberosity. It provides attachment for muscles and ligaments involved in swallowing and movement of the soft palate. Radiopaque

Enamel

The hard, outer covering of the tooth’s crown. It protects the tooth from wear and decay and is the hardest substance in the human body. Appears radioplaque.

Enamel

Dentin

The hard tissue that forms most of the tooth and protects the pulp. It is found under the enamel and cementum. Appears radiopaque but slightly darker.

Dentinoenamel junction

Strong, wavy connection that holds the enamel and dentin together and helps prevent cracks from spreading through the tooth. Radiopaque line.

Pulp

Interior of the tooth, which contains nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic tissue. Appears radiolucent.

Periodontal ligament

Is a thin layer of connective tissue between the tooth root and surrounding alveolar bone. Holds the booth in its socket, absorbs pressure,

Apical foreman

Small tip at the tip of a tooth's root where nerves and blood vessels enters and leave the tooth. Not easily distinguishable on X-rays

Apical foreman

Small tip at the tip of a tooth's root where nerves and blood vessels enters and leave the tooth. Not easily distinguishable on X-rays

Apex or apices

General term for the tip of the root of the tooth. Continuation or the radioplaque.

Latina dura

Bony wall of the loot socket that surrounds the root. Tin radioplaque around the root.

Cementum

Thin, hard layer covering the tooth's root • helps attach the tooth to the surroundings through the periodontal ligament. Usually not distinguish on X-rays.

Alveolar crest.

The highest part of the jawbone between the teeth. Supports and holds the teeth in place. Appears as radiopaque.