RESEARCH Q3

Interviews

Data collection method providing detailed insights through face-to-face, telephone, or CAPI, but can be time-consuming and expensive.

Questionnaires

Cost-effective and anonymous data collection tools, either paper-pencil or web-based, but may have low response rates.

Experimentation

Controlled study aimed at establishing cause-and-effect relationships; it is highly reliable but time-intensive.

Observation

Data collection method that records real-time events, reducing bias but can be difficult to interpret.

Data Organization

The process of classifying and structuring data to enhance usability.

Graph

A visual representation of data relationships.

Chart

A structured display of data in the form of tables, graphs, or diagrams.

Bar Graph

A type of graph that represents independent values.

Line Graph

A graph used to display trends and changes over time.

Cartesian Graph

Graph that uses numerical axes to illustrate relationships, commonly used in algebra.

Descriptive Statistics

Statistics that summarize and present data using graphs, tables, and measures of central tendency and variability.

Inferential Statistics

Statistics that make predictions about a population based on a sample.

Mean

The average value of a dataset.

Median

The middle value in a dataset when arranged in order.

Mode

The most frequently occurring value in a dataset.

Range

The difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset.

Mean Deviation

The average of absolute differences from the mean in a dataset.

Variance

The mean of squared deviations from the mean, useful for statistical comparisons.

Standard Deviation

Measures the average distance of data points from the mean.

Sample Standard Deviation

Using n-1 instead of n for a more accurate estimate of population variability, reducing bias in small samples.