What are the 5 stages of development?
1) PRE VERBAL STAGE
- 0-12 months
- experimenting with noises and sounds
- open mouthed vowel sounds 'oo, aa, uh' and babbling (Consonant Vowel Combinations) 'gaga'
2) HOLOPHRASTIC STAGE
- 12-18 months
- individual words
3) TWO WORD STAGE
- 18-24 months
- put two words together
4) TELEGRAPHIC STAGE
- 24-36 months
- three words +
- may still be omission of grammatical words
5) POST TELEGRAPHIC STAGE
- 36 months+
- both content and grammatical words
what are examples/features of the ways babies talk during each stage of development?
1) PRE VERBAL STAGE
- open mouthed vowel sounds 'oo, aa, uh'
- babbling (Consonant Vowel Combinations) 'gaga'
- two types of babbling: reduplicated (same sound 'baba') and variegated (variation 'manamoo')
2) HOLOPHRASTIC STAGE
- one word 'mama'
- large proportion of communication is non-verbal- pointing
- largely nouns- things they can see
3) TWO WORD STAGE
- two words to convey meaning 'mummy sit'
- content words
- begin to recognise syntactic relationships
4) TELEGRAPHIC STAGE
- key content words, omits grammatical words 'me going on trip'
5) POST TELEGRAPHIC STAGE
- grammatical and content words
- nuances of language
- Mean Length of Utterance grows
- confidence with inflectual functions (word endings varying etc)
- occasional virtuous erros
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What are the 5 stages of development?
1) PRE VERBAL STAGE
- 0-12 months
- experimenting with noises and sounds
- open mouthed vowel sounds 'oo, aa, uh' and babbling (Consonant Vowel Combinations) 'gaga'
2) HOLOPHRASTIC STAGE
- 12-18 months
- individual words
3) TWO WORD STAGE
- 18-24 months
- put two words together
4) TELEGRAPHIC STAGE
- 24-36 months
- three words +
- may still be omission of grammatical words
5) POST TELEGRAPHIC STAGE
- 36 months+
- both content and grammatical words
what are examples/features of the ways babies talk during each stage of development?
1) PRE VERBAL STAGE
- open mouthed vowel sounds 'oo, aa, uh'
- babbling (Consonant Vowel Combinations) 'gaga'
- two types of babbling: reduplicated (same sound 'baba') and variegated (variation 'manamoo')
2) HOLOPHRASTIC STAGE
- one word 'mama'
- large proportion of communication is non-verbal- pointing
- largely nouns- things they can see
3) TWO WORD STAGE
- two words to convey meaning 'mummy sit'
- content words
- begin to recognise syntactic relationships
4) TELEGRAPHIC STAGE
- key content words, omits grammatical words 'me going on trip'
5) POST TELEGRAPHIC STAGE
- grammatical and content words
- nuances of language
- Mean Length of Utterance grows
- confidence with inflectual functions (word endings varying etc)
- occasional virtuous erros
What does Patricia Kuhl say about babies?
- at birth, babies are 'citizens of the world': can distinguish sounds of all world languages
- after 12 months, they become 'culture bound listeners': only distinguish sounds of their own language
What does Patricia Kuhl say about language development?
- critical period for language learning is 0-7 months
- babies 'take statistics' as they listen to sounds of language
- TV exposure of language is less effective- children under 2 learn nothing from TV
- the 'social brain' (interaction) controls when they take statistics
What is the 'wild boy of aveyron' case study and how does it relate to some theorists?
- a feral child found at 12
- a doctor worked with him for 5 yrs and found he was unable to comprehend or produce new words, unable to verbally communicate
- links to Chomskys 'critical period' view
- links to nurtures view that interaction and an MKO is required
What did Katherine Nelson say?
- 60% of first words are nouns
- followed by actions (jump), modifiers (quickly), social/personal words (bye bye, please)
- diminutives are common at this stage: -y suffix
- links to piagets cognitive theory and skinners imitation theory
What did Deb Roy say?
'the birth of a word'
- children learn from the environment but also the environment learns from them
- he found that the length of adult utterances reduced when a child learnt a new word. But then length of utterances increased again as the adult integrated the word into more complex utterances to help the child learn
- these are 'feedback loops'