Chapter 6 - Lymphatic System

anti-

against.

carcin/o

cancerous.

immun/o

immune, protection, safe.

lymph/o

lymph, lymphatic tissue.

lymphangi/o

lymph vessel.

lymphaden/o

lymph node or gland.

ne/o

new, strange.

neo-

new, strange.

-oma

tumor, neoplasm.

onc/o

tumor.

phag/o

eat, swallow.

-plasm

formative material of cells.

sarc/o

flesh, connective tissue.

splen/o

spleen.

-tic

pertaining to.

tox/o

poison, poisonous.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

the advanced stage of an HIV infection.

allergen

a substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual.

anaphylaxis

a severe, systemic response to an allergen.

antibody

a disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen.

antifungal

medication that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi.

Antibiotics

medication capable of inhibiting the growth of or killing pathogenic bacteria.

antigen

any substance that the body regards as being foreign.

antigen-antibody reaction

Also known as the immune reaction, involves binding antigens to antibodies. This reaction labels a potentially dangerous antigen so it can be recognized and destroyed by other cells of the immune system.

autoimmune disorder

a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against the body's own tissues.

Bacilli

rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria.

Bacteria

one-celled microscopic organisms.

Benign

something that is not life-threatening.

candidiasis

a yeast infection.

carcinoma

a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue.

carcinoma in situ

a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues.

complement system

A group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form.

COVID-

is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the SARS-CoV- virus.

Cytokines

A group of proteins such as interferons and interleukins released primarily by the T cells.

Cytomegalovirus

a type of herpesvirus found in most body fluids.

cytotoxic drug

medication that kills or damages cells.

Ductal carcinoma in situ

breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the wall of the milk duct.

hemolytic

The function of destroying worn-out erythrocytes (red blood cells) and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse.

Hodgkin's lymphoma

a cancer of the lymphatic system distinguished by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells.

human immunodeficiency virus

a bloodborne infection that damages or kills the T cells of the immune system, causing it to progressively fail.

Herpes zoster

an acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of an inflamed nerve.

Immunoglobulins

antibodies that bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response.

immunosuppressant

a substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response.

Immunotherapy

a disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response.

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma

breast cancer that starts in the milk duct, breaks through the wall of that duct, and invades the fatty breast tissue.

Interferons

Produced in response to the presence of antigens, particularly viruses or tumor cells.

Lymphadenopathy

any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes.

lymphangioma

a benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels.

Lymphedema

swelling of the tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues.

Lymphocytes

White blood cells that are also one of the body's main types of immune cells.

Lymphoma

a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues.

Lymphoscintigraphy

a diagnostic test that is performed to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels.

macrophage

A type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells.

Malaria

a disease caused by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito.

Malignant

becoming progressively worse and life-threatening.

Mammography

a radiographic examination of the breast to detect the presence of tumors or precancerous cells.

metastasis

the new cancer site that results from the spreading process; also the processes by which cancer is spread.

metastasize

to spread from one place to another, as in cancer.

myoma

a benign tumor made up of muscle tissue.

myosarcoma

a malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue.

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

the term used to describe all lymphomas other than Hodgkin's lymphoma.

opportunistic infection

infection caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans.

osteosarcoma

a hard-tissue sarcoma that usually involves the upper shaft of long bones, pelvis, or knee.

parasite

a plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism.

Rabies

an acute viral infection transmitted to humans by the bite or saliva of an infected animal.

rickettsia

a small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites.

Rubella

a viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, and a fine, pink rash.

sarcoma

a malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues.

Spirochetes

long, slender, spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement.

Staphylococci

a group of about species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes.

Splenomegaly

an abnormal enlargement of the spleen.

Streptococci

bacteria that form a chain.

systemic reaction

A severe response to an allergen.

Teletherapy

precisely targeted radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body.

Toxoplasmosis

a disease caused by a parasite most commonly transmitted from pets to humans by contact with contaminated feces.

Varicella

a highly contagious infection caused by the herpesvirus Varicella zoster, also known as chickenpox.