Functional Groups

Alkane

No other functional groups, all carbon single bonds

Alkene

Contains a carbon double bond

Alkyne (acetylene)

Contains a carbon tripe bond

Aromatic

Cyclic, all atoms have a p orbital

Alkyl Halide

Carbon group with a halogen

Alcohol

Contains an OH group

Phenol

Contains an OH group bound to an aromatic ring

Ether

Contains an R-O-R group

Thiol

Contains an R-SH group

Sulfide (thioethers)

Contains an R-S-R group

Amine

Contains an R₃N group where R is an H or carbon group

Ketone

Contains a carbonyl bound to two carbons

Aldehyde

Contains a carbonyl bound to a carbon and a hydrogen

Imine

Contains a carbon double bonded to a NR

Acetal

A carbon bound to two -OR groups

Carboxylic Acid

A carbonyl bound to a carbon and an -OH group

Ester

A carbonyl bound to a carbon and an -OR group

Amide

A carbonyl bound to a carbon and an -NR₂ group

Acid chloride

A carbonyl bound to a carbon and an -Cl group

Anhydride

A carbonyl bound to a carbon and an -O₂CR group

Nitrile

A carbon triple bound to a N