Exposure Factors​

Quality of an x-ray beam is determined by it’s penetrating power using shorter wavelengths

kVp

increase the intensity of the wavelengths (kVp) =

increase the quality

Quantity is the number of x-rays traveling from the x-ray tube toward the image receptor in a period of time

mA and time

provide a greater quantity =

increase the heat to the filament

Electrons are produced by heating the:

cathode filament

The number of electrons in the cloud is directly proportional to what 2 factors:

1. the temperature of the filament

2. the amount of time the current is open

The electrical current is measured in:

milliamperes

As the mA’s are increased, the number of available ___ increases

electrons

mA affects the intensity of:

x-ray beam

mA is the measure of:

quantity of x-radiation produced

The total quantity of x-rays being produced during an exposure alsoare dependent on the length of:

exposure

the period of time that the x-rays are permitted to leave the tube

Exposure time

Time is measured in:

fractions of seconds

mAs =

milliamperage x (fractions of second​s)

100mA x ½ second =

50 mAs

100mA x 1/60 second =

1.67 mAs

Preferable mAs setting is:

• higher mA setting

• the shorter time

Why is higher mA setting and the shorter time the preferable setting

1. Reduces motion​

2. Increases safety​

3. allows you to x-ray thicker tissues

Higher mA machine are (more or less?) powerful.​

more

does dental or x-ray tables has more mA potential

x-ray tables

Kilovoltage describes the electrical difference between the:

cathode and anode

kilovoltage relates to the:

penetrating power of the x-ray.​

the maximum energy available at the peak.

kilovoltage peak

Higher kVp results in (shorter or longer) wave lengths

shorter

Higher kVp results in a(n) (increased or decreased) ability to penetrate thicker tissue

increased

higher kVp setting = ___ mAs

lower mAs setting, but with an increased time

Santes’ Rule:​

(2 x thickness) + 40 = kVp​

thickness of 13, what would the kVp be?​

(2 × 13) + 40 = 66 kV[

40 is the distance from:

the x-rays tube’s focal spot (source) to the image receptor (film) in inches

The thickness of an area to be radiographed is measured using a:

Caliper

Caliper units

centimeters

The distance affects the

intensity of the x-rays produced

If the Source Image Distance (SID) is decreased (<40inches),

the intensity increases

If the original distance is 1 and we halve it to 0.5, the intensity of the radiation is four times higher

Inverse square law

What else also changes with the distance change

detail or sharpness of a film