Sci10.Mutations

Mutation

A stable, heritable change in the genetic material; any change in the sequence of nitrogen bases in the DNA.

Point Mutation

Changes in the structure of DNA caused by incorrect base pair substitutions.

Frameshift Mutation

A mutation resulting from the insertion or deletion of nucleotides in the DNA sequence.

Single Base Pair Substitution

A type of point mutation where one base pair is incorrectly added during replication.

Insertion Mutation

A type of frameshift mutation where one or more extra nucleotides are inserted into the replicating DNA.

Deletion Mutation

A type of frameshift mutation where one or more nucleotides are omitted during replication.

Mutagens

Environmental factors such as radiation, chemicals, or microbial infections that can cause mutations.

Spontaneous Mutation

Mutations that occur randomly and may not be detected or repaired during DNA replication.

Beta Thalassemia

A genetic disorder caused by a frameshift mutation.

Cystic Fibrosis

A genetic disorder that may result from a deletion mutation.

Mutants

Cells or organisms that carry a changed gene leading to altered protein expression and traits.