1 (copy)

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses.

Acetylcholine

A neurotransmitter involved in muscle contraction and various neural functions.

Cholinesterase

An enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, terminating its action at the synapse.

Gray Matter

Regions of the CNS containing neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons.

White Matter

Regions of the CNS containing myelinated axons.

Meninges

Protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.

Cerebellum

A brain region that coordinates movement and balance.

Medulla Oblongata

The base of the brainstem, controlling autonomic functions like heartbeat and breathing.

Pons

A brain structure involved in the regulation of breathing and other vital functions.

Midbrain

A region of the brain involved in sensory and motor functions.

Thalamus

A brain region that relays sensory signals to the cerebral cortex.

Hypothalamus

A brain region regulating homeostasis and basic survival functions, including hunger, thirst, and temperature.

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions.

Blood-Brain Barrier

A protective barrier that restricts the passage of substances from the bloodstream into the brain.

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Fluid that cushions and nourishes the brain and spinal cord.

Cerebral Cortex

The outer layer of the cerebrum, responsible for conscious thought and voluntary actions.

Corpus Callosum

A bundle of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.

Occipital Lobes

Brain lobes responsible for visual processing.

Temporal Lobes

Brain lobes involved in auditory processing and memory.

Parietal Lobes

Brain lobes responsible for processing sensory information from the body.

Frontal Lobes

Brain lobes involved in motor control, decision-making, and personality.

Broca’s Area

A region in the left frontal lobe responsible for speech production.

Wernicke’s Area

A region in the left temporal lobe involved in language comprehension.

Somatic System

The part of the PNS that controls voluntary muscle movements.

Autonomic System

The part of the PNS that controls involuntary functions like heartbeat and digestion.

Sympathetic Nervous System

The division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the "fight or flight" response.

Parasympathetic Nervous System

The division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the "rest and digest" response.