Week 4 - Molecular Markers
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/19
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai | Chat |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
20 Terms
Molecular Markers
Specific known regions in genome where DNA varies between individuals
10 Characteristics
Polymorphic
Discriminating
Multi-allelic
Co dominant
Non epistatic
Independent of environment
Neutral
Uniformly distributed
Reproducible
Economical
Epistasis
1 gene affects/masks another gene
Morphological Markers
Physical traits
Morphological Markers - Cons
Low polymorphism
Affected by environment
Dominant
Biochemical Markers
Proteins
Isozymes
Biochemical Markers - Cons
Few loci
Not neutral
Not evenly distributed
Homology
Descending from common ancestor
Share similar traits
Analogy
Converging from different ancestor
Share similar function
Tandem Repeats
Same sequence repeated back to back
Microsatellites
STRs
SSRs
Short
Highly polymorphic
Suitable for PCR
Microsatellites - Motif Length
2-6 bp
Microsatellites - Name (AC)n
Dinucleotide
Minisatellites
VNTRs
Long
Polymorphic
Not suitable for PCR
Minisatellites - Motif Length
10-100 bp
Minisatellites - Discovery
1985
Alec Jeffreys
Interspersed Repeats - Compare
SINE = 100-400 bp
LINE = ~600bp
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Most common
Non coding regions
Originate spontaneous mutations - new SNP are rare
ABO Gene Location
Chromosome 9
locus9q34
Sickle Cell Anaemia - SNP Process
SNP on beta globin gene (HBB)
A → T
Glutamic acid → Valine
Low O2
Form fibrous aggregates
Sickle shape