ORIGINS OF SOFTWARE
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21 Terms
Early Days (1940s–1950s)
Computers were huge, expensive, and programmed using machine language (binary 1s and 0s).
Early Days (1940s–1950s)
Later, assembly language made it slightly easier by using short codes instead of pure binary.
Early Days (1940s–1950s)
Software was often bundled with hardware.
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
The first general-purpose electronic digital computer.
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
Developed during World War II by the U.S. military to calculate artillery firing tables.
Universal Automatic Computer
Pioneering line of electronic digital computers developed in the United States.
Universal Automatic Computer
The first commercial computers designed for business and generalpurpose use.
FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation)
COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language)
The Birth of High-Level Languages (1950s–1960s)
1950s–1960s
When is The Birth of High-Level Languages?
FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation)
a high-level programming language primarily used for scientific and numerical computing.
FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation)
known for its performance and is still used in various scientific and engineering fields today.
COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language)
a high-level programming language primarily used for business, finance, and administrative systems.
COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language)
one of the first standardized languages and is still used in many legacy systems, particularly in finance and government.
Personal Computer
Operating System
Software Industry Emerges (1970s–1980s)
1970s–1980s
When is the Software Industry Emerges?
Personal Computer
a digital computer designed for individual use, typically for tasks like word processing, internet browsing, gaming, and multimedia playback.
Operating System
essential system software that manages a computer's hardware and software resources, providing common services for computer programs.
The First Spreadsheet Program
considered a killer application for the Apple II, as it helped popularize personal computers for business use.
Modern Software Era (1990s–Today)
GUI replaced text-only screens.
Modern Software Era (1990s–Today)
Rise of Internet-based software.
Modern Software Era (1990s–Today)
Mobile apps and AI-powered tools dominate today’s software landscape.