CLCV131: Archaic Period Objects

Heroön of Lefkandi (plan)
• 950 BC
• Lefkandi, Euboea
• Little rooms, porch, open room, large central room, small storage rooms
• 2 burials

Toumba cemetery (plan)
• 900 BC
• Lefkandi, Euboea
• Significant disposable wealth

Terra Cotta Centaur
• late 10th Century BC
• Toumba cemetery, Lefkandi, Euboea
• Earliest depiction of a centaur ever found

Nestor's Cup
• 730 BC
• Pithekoussa
• contained cremated remains of many people
• “I am the cup of Nestor good for drinking. Whoever drinks from this cup, desire for beautifully crowned Aphrodite will seize him instantly.”

Temple of Hera, Samos (phase I plan)
• 800-750 BCE
• “Heraion”
• Ionic

Temple of Hera, Samos (phase II plan)
• 670 BCE
• “Heraion”
• Ionic

Temple of Hera, Samos (phase III)
• 600-560 BC (destroyed 550 BC)
• "the Rhoikos Temple"
• Architects: Rhoikos & Theodorus

Temple of Apollo, Dreros
• late 8th century BC
• house-like
• cult statures (Sphyrelata?)

Sphyrelata
• 700 BC 
• Temple of Apollo, Dreros

Temple of Hera, Olympia
• 600 BC
• Doric
• Originally for Hera and Zeus

Sanctuary of Poseidon at Cape Sounion
• 700 BC

Generic diagram of a temple

Generic elevation of a Doric building

Temple to Hera I at Paestum
• 550 BC
• “the Basilica”

Kneeling Ivory fragment from a Lyre
• 625 BC
• Heraion at Samos
• votive object

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesos (reconstruction view)
• 560-550 BC
• Ephesos, Turkey
• biggest temple in the Greek world at the time it was built

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesos (plan)
• 560-550 BC
• Ephesos, Turkey
• biggest temple in the Greek world at the time it was built

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesos (column base with figural relief)
• 560-550 BC
• Ephesos, Turkey
• biggest temple in the Greek world at the time it was built

Pediment sculpture with Medusa
• 580-570 BC
• Temple of Artemis, Corfu
• Medusa is sticking out --> seems more powerful
• shows how architects tried to solve the problem of shit getting squished in the corners

Metope with the death of Medusa
• 560 BC
• Temple C at Selinunte
• Athena, Perseus, & Medusa

Lintel from Temple A at Prinias, Crete
• 650-625 BC
• women and lions

The Lady of Auxerre
• 650-625 BC
• Crete?
• earliest Greek Archaic structure
• influenced by the ancient near east
• Daidalic

The Nikandre Kore
• 650-625 BC
• Delos
• influenced by the ancient near east

The Sounion Kouros
• 600 BC
• Naxos
• 3.05m tall

The Isches Kouros
• early 6th century BC
• Samos
• the Archaic smile
• compare to the New York Kouros

The New York Kouros
• ??
• Attica
• compare to the Isches Kouros

The Cheramyes Kore
• 570-560 BC
• Heraion of Samos
• more cylindrical
• chiton, himation

The Phrasikleia Kore
• 550-530 BC
• Myrrhinous, Attica, Greece
• grave marker, holding Egyptian lotus flower --> creation/rebirth
• Hades's bride????

The Peplos Kore
• 530 BC
• Athens, Greece
• wearing a peplos & chiton
• holes in statue for metal attachments

The Antenor Kore
• 525-510 BC
• Athens, Greece
• chiton, himation

Kore 674 from the Athenian Akropolis
• 500 BC
• Athens, Greece
• more lifelike than what we've seen

The "Potter Relief“
• 500 BC
• Athenian Acropolis
• Sculptor: Endoios
• votive offering to Athena

The Anavysos Kouros
• “Kroisos Kouros”
• 530 BC
• cemetery of Anavysos
• idealized figure
• grave marker; inscription invites the audience to stay and mourn

The Aristion Stele
• 510 BC
• Attica
• Sculptor: Aristokles

Sarcophagus with the sacrifice of Polyxena
• 520-500 BC
• tomb of Achilles
• became one of Hades's brides in the afterlife

The ‘Dipylon Amphora’
• 760-750 BC --> Late Geometric Period
• Kerameikos cemetery, Athens
• “Dipylon Painter”
• Amphorai were associated with the burial of women
• mourning scenes
• BIG

The Dipylon Krater
• 750-730 BC
• Kerameikos cemetery, Athens
• Kraters were associated with the burial of men
• BIG

The Mykonos Vase
• 675-650 BC
• Mykonos (Cycladic island)
• Cycladic Relief Pithoi
• relief: decoration extrudes from the pot

The Chigi Olpe
• 650 BC --> Protocorinthian
• Chigi, Italy (Corinth??)
• stages of a man's life
• olpe: kind of pitcher

Corinthian Aryballos in the Shape of an Owl
• 640 BC
• Corinth

The Polyphemus Amphora
• 670-650 BC
• Eleusis?? (location)
• “The Polyphemus Painter”
• Odysseys + sailers blinding Polyphemus (cyclops)
• Medusa’s sisters chasing some important guy
• foreshortening

The Sophilos Dinos
• 580 BC
• Attica
• painter: Sophilos
• Wedding of Peleus and Thetis
(men: dark color, women: lighter color)
• WRITING!

Dinos with the Wedding of Peleus and Thetis
• 580 BC
• painter: Sophilos
• Attic black figure

The François Vase
• 570-560 BC
• potter: Ergotimos
• painter: Kleitias
• Attic black figure
• Side A: the life story of Achilles
• Side B: the Athenian Hero Theseus

Achilles and Ajax playing a board game
• 540-530 BC
• by Exekias
• Attic black figure
• text to show what numbers they rolled
• Achilles is doing better and less tense

Amphora with the suicide of Ajax
• 540-530 BC
• by Exekias
• Attic black figure
• Odysseus got the armor of Achilles instead of Ajax, so Ajax went on a rampage and murdered sheep thinking they were his fellow Greeks
• so ashamed that he committed suicide

Dionysus Cup
• late 6th century BC
• by Exekias
• Attic black figure

Attic Bilingual Amphora with Herakles
• 525 BC
• The Andokides Painter
• red figure side & black figure side

Dionysus Cup
• late 6th century BC
• signed by Exekias
• Attic black figure

The Euphronios Krater
• 510 BC
• painter: Euphronios
• Attic red figure(?)

The Three Revelers Vase
• 510 BC
• signed by Euthymides
• Attic red figure
• 3 guys dancing; coming back from symposium?

Panathenaic Prize Amphora
• 530 BC
• the Euphiletos painter
• Attic black figure
• side A: Athena
• side B: a sporting event

The West Pediment from the Hekatompedon Temple aka
“The Bluebeard Group”
• 570-550 BC
• Pair of lions attacking a bull
• Herakles wrestling Triton
• Bluebeard dudes

Gigantomachy Pediment from the Old Temple of Athena
• 529-520 BC
• battle between gods and the giants
• figures in action!!

The Siphnian Treasury (with details from frieze)
• 525 BC
• Delphi
• Gigantomachy
• Battle from Trojan War
• Giants have realistic clothing while the Olympian Gods don't (bc they're perfect or smth)

The Tyrannicides
• 477-476 BC
• Athens?
• by Kritios and Nesiotes
• Roman copy of bronze Greek original
• breaking out of Kouros box

Kritios Boy
• 480 BC
• Athens (perserchutt deposits)
• turning point in Greek sculpture (archaic to classical)
• weight shift, more human, contraposto stance

The Burial Mound at Marathon
• 480 BC
• solidify the importance of warriors

Relief with the soldiers of Xerxes I
• 465 BC?
• Naqsh-e Rostam, modern Iran
• soldiers of all ethnicities

The Marathon Tumulus
• 490 BC
• Homer reference
• cremation grave of 192 Athenians + others?
• grave goods

The Treasury of Athens at Delphi
• 489-485 BC
• commemorates the Battle of Marathon, funded with spoils from the battle
• “look how much shit we can give to a god and the talent of our citizens”

Metopes from the Treasury of Athens at Delphi
• 489-485 BC
• connecting Herakles (standard Greek hero) and Theseus (big hero of Athens)

Photograph of sculptures excavated from a Perserschutt
deposit
• 1866
• Acropolis
• Perserchutt: "Persian debris"