NEUR200 exam 4 previous material

Action potential

Electrical signal of communication

Resting membrane potential

-70 mV

Depolarization

When sodium rushes in and the threshold reaches 30mV

Repolarization

At peak, sodium channels close and potassium channels open

Hyperpolarization

-ninety mV

EEG

Measures the electrical current of neurons (bad spatial resolution, good time resolution)

MEG

Measures the magnetic signal generated by brain activity (bad spatial resolution, good time resolution)

Intracranial EEG

Very invasive, good spatial and time resolution

MRI

Anatomy of the brain, magnetic fields

fMRI

Very good spatial imaging, bad time solution, studies brain function

Prefrontal cortex

Movement organization and motor inhibition of automatic movements, mirror neurons

Motor planning

Posterior parietal cortex, prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor cortex

Hemianopia

Blindness of half visual field b/c of V1 damage

Cortical blindness

Total/partial loss of vision

Blindsight

Loss of vision but unconsciously detects to stimuli

Cortical color blindness

V4 damage

Visual agnosia

Inability to recognize visual information (geniculostriate and ventral pathway)

Propsopagnosia

Difficulty recognizing faces, bilateral damage of fusiform area

Alexia

Inability to read, damage of left fusiform area

Simultagnosia

Problems perceiving more than on object at a time, damage to dorsal stream

Amusia

Heschl’s gyrus, impairment to make pitch discriminations

Wernicke’s aphasia

Disturbed word recognition

Anterograde amnesia

Bilateral removal of the medial temporal lobe

Temporal-lobe personality/geschwind syndrome

Pedantic speech

Apperceptive agnosia

They cannot copy an object

Associative agnosia

Can copy an object, cannot recognize it