Week 11 - Respiratory

This part of the respiratory tract is comprised of the mouth, nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, throat, and larynx

Upper

This section of the respiratory tract consist of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

Lower

Staphylococcal, streptococcal, neisseria, and hemophilia species Are common normal flora of which part of the body

Throat

What are two reasons why Pathogenic species don’t make us sick when found in the throat

Musicality escalator - collated cells move it back up out of throat

Microbial antagonism - competition / suppressed by normal flora

What is the predominant bacterial pathogen found in the throat?

Streptococcal species

This bacteria causes whooping cough or pertussis And has An available vaccination

Bordetella pertussis bacterium

Whooping cough is most dangerous for what type of population

Young children, and babies, which requires hospitalization

This type of bacteria causes diphtheria and is more common and under developed nations

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

This infection causes a pseudo membrane in the back of the throat, but it also has a vaccination and an Antitoxin required for treatment.

Diphtheria

This is a group A bacteria that causes strep throat, skin, infections, beta, hemolytic, susceptible to bacitracin

Streptococcus pyogenes

This is a group B bacteria that can be found in genital tract of women, and can result in neonatal meningitis

Streptococcus agalactiae

This is a group of bacteria, which can be associated with urinary tract infections

enterococcus faecalis

What test is used to identify groups?

Agglutination test

This bacteria is alpha, hemolytic, capsule producing, causes pneumonia, diplococci arrangement, And is sensitive to antibiotics

Streptococcus pneumonia

This bacteria is alpha, hemolytic, predominant and oral cavity and causes cavities

Viridans

What is the causative agent of streptococcal pharyngitis?

Streptococcus pyogenes

This infection causes white patches on the tonsils and redness of the uvula in all arches, which is also known as strep throat

• common in kids 5-15

Streptococcal pharyngitis

When strep throat goes untreated, what can it develop into?

Rheumatic fever

A rapid test for strep identifies which group of bacteria in a few minutes

Group a

How is a rapid test for strep done

1. Tonsil is swabbed

2. Swab is inserted into a specialized contain

3. It is positive if it reacts with a protein on the surface of the bacteria

One of the more common causes of bacterial pneumonia

Streptococcus pneumonia

On the old-school catalase test, staph is negative or positive for catalase and strep, is negative negative or positive for catalase

Staph- positive

Strep- negative

This is used for the presumptive identification of streptococcus pneumonia from other alpha, hemolytic streptococci, such as streptococcus viridans

Optochin

This is used to differentiate streptococcus pyogenes from other streptococcal species

Bacitracin

What type of bacteria is sensitive to bacitracin and which bacteria is resistant

S. Pyogenes - sensitive

Strep - resistant

This media is used to isolate viridans streptococci - common cause of dental carriers

Mitis salivarius agar

What is mitis salivarius selective indifferent differential for

Selective - Inhibits most gram-positive, except streptococci and inhibit Graham negative

Differential - Growth differences are useful in identification of streptococcus species

mitis salivarius agar

• large, pale blue, or dark, blue, opaque, mucoid colonies with a gumdrop appearance

• Blue small colonies with the dome center

• Race convex colonies with the frosted glass appearance

• Colonies that appear embedded in the agar

• Dark blue black colonies

• s. Salivarius

• S. Oralia

• S. Mutans

• S. Sanguis

• S. Faecalis

What type of environment do streptococci prefer?

CO2 rich

What method is use to fill the environment with CO2?

Candle jar method