GCSE Biology Revision "Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes"

Eukaryotic cells

Cells that contain their genetic material enclosed in a nucleus.

Prokaryotic cells

Cells in which genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus.

Nucleus

The membrane-bound organelle that contains the genetic material of eukaryotic cells.

Cell membrane

The protective outer layer of all cells, allowing selective movement of substances in and out.

Cytoplasm

The jelly-like substance within a cell that contains organelles and is the site of various cellular processes.

Plasmids

Small rings of DNA found in prokaryotic cells.

Cell wall

A rigid outer layer found in prokaryotic cells and plant cells, providing structure and protection, but not found in animal cells.

Key differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, are larger, and contain membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, are smaller, and lack membrane-bound organelles.