Review of Islamic Studies Lecture Notes

Flashcards on Islamic concepts and laws, including Jihad, Shariah Law, Sanctity of Life, Animal Rights and Environmental Stewardship in Islam.

What does good conduct look like in Islam?

Reading the Qur'an, Greater Jihad, Lesser Jihad, Following Allah's laws, Following the Sunnah, Good manners, Completing the Five Pillars, Submission to Allah, Avoiding sin.

Greater Jihad

To struggle or strive to live a perfect Muslim life, controlling bad desires and actions, performing the Five Pillars properly, and following the Sharia of Islam exactly.

Greater Jihad

Establishing what is right (maruf) and removing evil (munkar) in order for Muslims to practice Islam and not merely talk about how good Islam is.

Shariah

A clear path; the best system for Muslims to follow to achieve success and welfare in this life and the next.

What is Shariah based on?

The Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad.

Shariah Law

Islamic Law is complete, perfect and covers all aspects of human life and is permanent for all people for all time and Allah is all-knowing and all-powerful

Ijma

The general agreement or consensus among the Muslim community about a matter affecting Muslims in light of the Qur'an or Sunnah.

Qiyas

When no direct answer is found in the Qur'an or Sunnah, scholars of Islamic Law use analogy to find a ruling.

Sunnah

A system, path, or example; in Islam, it refers to the example of the Prophet Muhammad, embodied in the Ahadith.

The 6 Hadith collections

Sahih Al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abun-Dawud, Sunan Ibn Majah, Jami' At-Tirmidhi, Sunan An-Nasa'i.

Fiqh

The science of Islamic Law or jurisprudence, referring to explanation, collection, and compilation of Islamic Laws based on the Qur'an and Sunnah.

Fard or Wajib

Obligatory or duty; performance of these actions is rewarded and their omission is punished.

Mandub

Recommended actions; the performance of which is rewarded and the omission of which is not punished

Mubah

Actions permitted by silence.

Makruh

Actions disapproved but not punishable.

Haram

Forbidden actions punishable by law.

Sanctity of Life

All life is sacred (connected with God) and belongs to Allah.

Muslim view on IVF

IVF is allowable in instances where a Muslim couple is unable to conceive in any other way, provided the treatments do not occur outside of marriage.

Liberal Muslim view on abortion

Abortion is allowed if the mother's life is in danger.

Strict Muslim views on abortion

Abortion is murder as life begins at conception

Lesser Jihad

The struggle to remove evil from society; the struggle of the Muslim community rather than the individual.

Permissible reasons for military jihad

Persecution threatens the life of believers, religious freedoms are denied, or protecting Muslims against oppression.

Fard or Wajid (Obligatory or duty)

Mustahab (recommended), Mubah (silent), Makruh (disliked/discouraged), and Haram (forbidden)

Stewardship in Islam

Humans have been made Khalifahs of the Earth, entrusted with a duty to care for Allah's creation.

Planting trees

Highlights their value not only in this world but in the hereafter.

Wastage

Islam dislike of all kinds of wastage. He was a mindful consumer who lived a simple life, enjoying his blessings whilst being mindful of them.

Muslim teachings today about fossil fuels

Call to Muslims around the world to work towards phasing out greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 and 100% renewable energy strategy

Muslim teachings today about global warming

The Earth has been corrupted by man and man will be punished for this in the hereafter.

Qur'an 30:41

Corruption doth appear on land and sea because of the evil which men's hands have done, that He may make them taste a part of that which they have done, in order that they may return

Jihad

Struggle or strive for Allah

Fiqh

Deep understanding of Islamic Law

Qur'an and Hadith

Primary sources of Shariah Law

Animal rights in Islam

Enforces its followers to treat animals with compassion and to not abuse them and the animals are created to fulfill multiple needs for mankind