Physical Science - Chapter 12

Free body diagram

a sketch that shows an object and the forces acting on it; also called a force diagram.

Traction

the frictional force between a vehicles ires and the road; responsible for accelerating the vehicle.

Dynamics

the branch of physics that studies forces and how they can change an objects motion.

Tension

a pulling force that is transmitted through a rope, chain, or similar object

Friction

a contact force that works against the motion of objects trying to move past each other.

Gravity

a field force that acts between the masses of any two objects.

Inertia

the tendency of matter to resist changes in its motion.

Net force

the vector sum of all the forces acting on an object.

force

a push or pull on an object

dynamics

the branch of physics that studies forces and how they can change an objects motion

contact force

a force that acts only when one object touches another

field force

a force that acts between objects that are not touching; also called force at a distance

balanced forces

simultaneous forces whose pushes and pulls cancel each other out

net force

the vector sum of all the forces acting on an object

unbalanced forces

a collection of forced on an object that dont cancel out and thus cause an acceleration

free-body diagram

a sketch that shows an object and the forces acting on it; also called a force diagram

inertia

the tendency of matter to resist changes in its motion

law of inertia

the law that states that objects at rest and objects in motion continue in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force; also called Newtons first law of motion

law of acceleration

the law that states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object and is inversely proportional to its mass; also called Newtons second law of motion

law of action-reaction

the law that states that for every action force, there is equal and opposite reaction force; also called Newtons third law of motion

tension

a pulling force that is transmitted through a rope, chain, or similar object '

natural force

the force that acts in a direction that is perpendicular to the surface where two objects make contact

gravity

a field force that acts between the masses of any two objects

law of universal gravitation

the law that states that the strength of gravity varies in direct proportion to the masses of the objects involved and inversely to the square of the distant between their centers of mass

friction

a contact force that works against the motion of objects trying to move past each other

traction

the frictional force between a vehicles ires and the road; responsible for accelerating the vehicle

centripetal force

a force that accelerates an object toward the center of a circular path

force

a push or pull on an object

contact force

a force that acts only when one object touches another

field force

a force that acts between objects that are not touching; also called force at a distance

balanced forces

simultaneous forces whose pushes and pulls cancel each other out

unbalanced forces

a collection of forced on an object that don’t cancel out and thus cause an acceleration

law of inertia

the law that states that objects at rest and objects in motion continue in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force; also called Newton’s first law of motion

law of acceleration

the law that states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object and is inversely proportional to its mass; also called Newton’s second law of motion

law of action-reaction

the law that states that for every action force, there is equal and opposite reaction force; also called Newton’s third law of motion

natural force

the force that acts in a direction that is perpendicular to the surface where two objects make contact

law of universal gravitation

the law that states that the strength of gravity varies in direct proportion to the masses of the objects involved and inversely to the square of the distant between their centers of mass

centripetal force

a force that accelerates an object toward the center of a circular path

fundamental force

any one of the four forces that appear to underlie all the other known forces: gravity, strong force, weak force, and electromagnet force