Theory of Architecture

DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

The main driving force behind the work of a designer or design team

DESIGN APPROACH

Essential in holistically shaping the design project from start to finish.

PRACTICAL APPROACH

Traditionalist strategy - most used approach

EXPERIENTIAL APPROACH

Extremely immersive approach - takes into account the end user’s

experience

INTEGRATED DESIGN APPROACH

Brings together a wider range of experts to contribute to the project as a team

SUSTAINABLE APPROACH

To achieve a green + eco-friendly building

DESIGN STRATEGY

An overarching plan

Guides the development of a project from concept to execution

PARADIGM

Greek work paradeigma

A typical example or pattern of something; a model

A PATTERN LANGUAGE

Written Christopher Alexander

Presents a framework for designing buildings, cities, and communities based on recurring design solutions.

MODERNISM

Aesthetic practice of modernity

MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE

Rejecting ornament and embracing minimalism

MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE

Single most important new style or philosophy of architecture and design of the 20th century

ENLIGHTENMENT RATIONALISM

Basis of architecture should be science

CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION

New societal needs = new building types

TERRITORIAL TRANSFORMATION

New political states = volatile growth

Early example of working-class architecture

STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION

Innovations, skyscraper construction, suspension bridges

MACHINE

Inspiration for the formation of architecture

PETER BEHRENS

Central figure of Jugenstil in Munich, Germany

PETER BEHRENS

Founder of Deutsche Werkbund

Elevated a factory to the higher realm of architecture

WALTER GROPIUS

Bauhus

Architect with no background in drawing

LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE

Agent of the taste of age

LUDWIG MIES VAN DER ROHE

Less is more

CHARLES EDOUARD JENNERET

Le Corbusier

LE CORBUSIER

The house is a machine for living in

PILOTIS

A grid of slim reinforced concrete pylons that assume the structural weight of a building.

OPEN PLAN

The absence of load-bearing partition walls affords greater flexibility in design and use of living spaces

LOUIS SULLIVAN

Father of Modernism

LOUIS SULLIVAN

Form follows function

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

“The making of a good building, the harmonious building, one adapted to its purposes ad to life, [is] a blessing to life and a gracious element added to life, is a great moral performance.”

ADOLF LOOS

Ornament is a crime

ADOLF LOOS

Developed the raumplan

CASS GILBERT

One of the first celebrity American Architect

Woolworth Building

Cladding a steel frame

CASS GILBERT

Architecture should reflect historic traditions

AUGUSTE PERRET

Use of concrete

ALVAR AALTO

His career is characterized by a concern for design as Gesamtkunstwerk—a total work of art (exterior and interior have to be unified)

ALVAR AALTO

The building itself a contributor to the healing process

ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

Harmony between human habitation and the natural world

FUTURIST ARCHITECTURE

Early 20th century form of architecture

KENZO TANGE

Combined traditional Japanese styles with modernism

KISHO KUROKAWA

Nakagin Capsule Tower

BRUTALISM

An expressionist style of the International Style producing sculptural shapes of raw unfinished concrete.

POSTWAR ARCHITECTURE

Buildings produced were practical, affordable, quick to produce, and maximized the use of materials.

NEW BRUTALISM

The re-emergence of brutalist architecture in later contemporary period

POSTMODERNISM

Associated with scepticism, irony and philosophical critiques

POSTMODERNISM

Reaction to modernism

POSTMODERN ARCHITECTURE

A reaction against the austerity, formality, and lack of variety of modern architecture

ROBERT VENTURI

Less is Bore

FACADE

Postmodernism’s main character is emphasized in

DENISH SCOTT-BROWN

Form, forces, and function determine and help define the environment

MICHAEL GRAVES

Famous for playful style and colorful facades

CONFUSION AND CONTRADICTION

New forms and features + contradictory elements of classicism

ARBITARY DECORATIONS

Uses of elements of architectural history in new ways

FRAGMENTATION

Divides large buildings into several different structures and forms

CRITICAL REGIONALISM

Rooted in the modern tradition, but tied to geographic and cultural context

KENNETH FRAMPTON

Towards a Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance

GLENN MURCUTT

Analyzed and interpreted the key elements of Australian vernacular architecture

MINETTE DE SILVA

Recognized for her contributions to developing regional modernism for tropics

BALKRISHNA DOSHI

Contributes to the evolution of architectural discourse in India