Common Toxic and Harmful Gases

What is the main focus of the HSE training provided by Hengyi Industries Sdn Bhd?

Protection of common toxic and harmful gases in storage and transportation.

What type of gases are covered under the training session?

Common toxic and harmful gases, including hydrogen sulfide and benzene.

What is the occupational exposure limit for hydrogen sulfide (H2S)?

The limit is 10 mg/m3 for long-term exposure.

What is a primary characteristic of hydrogen sulfide (H2S)?

It is a highly toxic, colorless, acidic gas that is heavier than air.

At what concentration of hydrogen sulfide does loss of smell occur?

At 100 ppm.

What can happen at a concentration of 700 ppm of hydrogen sulfide?

It can cause death.

What is nitrogen primarily classified as?

A colorless, tasteless, odorless, and non-toxic gas, accounting for about 78.12% of the atmosphere.

What is the danger associated with nitrogen in confined spaces?

It can cause hypoxia and suffocation when oxygen concentration drops below 19.5%.

What concentration of oxygen is considered safe in confined spaces?

19.5%-21% oxygen.

What explosive condition is associated with combustible gases?

When the lower explosive limit (LEL) of a combustible gas is equal to or exceeds 4%.

What happens to benzene vapor when it enters the human body?

It can affect the central nervous system and damage the hematopoietic system.

Which toxic gas is classified as a human carcinogen by the WHO?

Benzene.

What is the maximum allowable concentration for carbon monoxide?

20 mg/m3 for occupational exposure.

What should workers do when an alarm device sounds?

Leave the area immediately and confirm the reason for the alarm.

What is necessary when handling the portable four-in-one alarm device?

It must be in proper working condition, and users should ensure normal display before usage.

What is the requirement before entering a confined space?

The space must be cleaned or ventilated and oxygen levels checked.

What is one of the most dangerous characteristics of high concentrations of nitrogen?

It can rapidly lead to coma and death if inhaled in concentrations greater than 90%.

At what temperature does benzene spontaneously combust?

72°C.

What protective measures are required for the four-in-one alarm?

It must be worn above the chest and below the neck, not in pockets.

What is one method used to protect the sensor of the alarm when detecting unclean gases?

Using masks or other protective covers.

What does STEL stand for in terms of exposure limits?

Short Time Exposure Limit.

What is the principal hazard posed by hydrogen sulfide in port facilities?

It can lead to rapid poisoning and death.

What gas analysis equipment is emphasized in the training?

The four-in-one alarm device.

What is the first action to take in case of an alarm when using the four-in-one device?

Leave the area immediately.

How can the four-in-one alarm device be managed?

Through regular maintenance and inspections by HSE personnel.

What are the consequences of failure to follow alarm device procedures?

The personnel responsible may face assessments or penalties.

What is a characteristic of benzene as a chemical compound?

It is extremely volatile and easily soluble in organic solvents.

How should the surface of the alarm be maintained?

Wiped with a clean and damp soft cloth.

Why is regular training on toxic gases important?

To ensure workers are aware of hazards and protective measures in confined spaces.

What is the relationship between exposure to benzene and the immune system?

Chronic exposure can lead to significant damage and increase leukemia incidence.

What is one of the alarm settings that should be monitored?

The short-term exposure limit (STEL) and time-weighted average (TWA).

What elements must be included in the HSE training program?

Gas types, exposure limits, gas detection requirements, and emergency procedures.

What must be avoided when maintaining the alarm device?

Use of solvents or exposure to water.

What type of gas is hydrogen sulfide compared to regarding its weight?

It is heavier than air.

How does chronic exposure to the toxic gas affect the hematopoietic system?

It can lead to damage of the bone marrow and blood cell production issues.

What is the impact of nitrogen at lower oxygen levels?

It can lead to dizziness, unconsciousness, and death within minutes.

What should be done with the alarm device after use?

Turn off the power switch to save electricity.

What is the procedure when the battery of the alarm is low?

It must be recharged immediately.

How can benzene exposure occur in the workplace?

Through inhalation and skin contact.

What concentration of ammonia is the short-term exposure limit?

30 mg/m3.

What can be the result of improperly maintained alarm devices?

Increased risk of failure during critical situations.

Why is it necessary to avoid smoking near alarm sensors?

To prevent damage and false alarms.

What is required before entering areas where toxic gases may be present?

Proper training and use of the four-in-one gas detector.

What is an immediate action regarding the four-in-one device if it malfunctions?

Report to HSE management.

What atmospheric condition is essential for safely using gas detectors?

Adequate oxygen levels, between 19.5% and 21%.

What does it mean if the LEL of a gas is below set parameters?

The environment is within safe limits for operation.

How should the alarm device be stored when not in use?

In a ventilated area, away from humidity and direct sunlight.

What should be done if the alarm device shows an abnormal symbol?

Immediately exit the area and assess the situation.

What topics must be specifically addressed in training sessions?

Gas properties, dangers, exposure limits, and usage protocols.

How is 'explosive limit' determined in relation to gas hazards?

Based on gas mixtures and specific gravities in the atmosphere.

What is one of the key protective measures during hot work operations?

Use of portable gas detectors to monitor levels of toxins.

What is necessary to ensure effective use of the alarm device?

Regular checks on battery and display functionality.

What should be avoided in the case of a flammable gas explosion risk?

Allowing the concentration of gas to reach its lower explosive limit.

What practices should be followed to ensure the cleanliness of the alarm device?

No direct contact with contaminants or dirty surfaces.

What action should be taken during regular maintenance of the gas alarms?

Document findings and ensure devices are functional.

What are potential environments housing nitrogen hazards?

Enclosed areas where oxygen levels have dropped.

What type of toxic gas is characterized as colorless, tasteless, and non-toxic?

Nitrogen (but dangerous at high concentrations).

What should be done post-use regarding the alarm device's settings?

Ensure no unauthorized changes are made to operational parameters.

What does HSE stand for?

Health, Safety, and Environmental.

What should be the condition of the environment while screening for combustible gases?

Regular monitoring for potential hazards.

What is a direct consequence of failing to adhere to gas detection procedures?

Increased risk of accidents and health hazards.