ipc ch.15

energy

the ability to do work

work

a transfer of energy

forms of energy

kinetic, potential, and energy in fields

kinetic energy

energy in motion

kinetic energy formula

KE=1/2mv^2

mechanical energy

KE, energy associated with the motion and position of everyday objects/ energy of movement (sum of KE and PE)

thermal energy

KE, total potential and kinetic energy of all the particles in an object

sound energy

KE, energy carried by vibrations

electrical energy

KE, movement of electrons through a current, associated with electric charges

electromagnetic energy (light)

KE, a form of energy that travels through space in the form of waves

Potential energy

energy that is stored as a result of position or shape

potential energy formula

PE=mgh

gravitational energy

PE, energy that depends on height

elastic energy

PE, PE of an object that is stretched or compressed

chemical energy

energy stored in bonds that hold atoms together (coal and gasoline)

nuclear energy

energy stored in the atom

nuclear fission

splitting nuclei apart

nuclear fusion

combining nuclei to form a more massive nucleus

energy conversions

the process of changing the energy from one form to another

renewable vs nonrenewable resources

can be replenished easily or cannot be

Biomass

R, organic material made from plants and animals (living things)

geothermal

R, comes from magma heating water underground

hydropower

R, comes from falling water

solar power

R, comes from the sun

wind power

R, comes from pressure differences

Fossil fuels

NR, oil, natural gas (comes from compressed oil), and coal

nuclear power

NR, comes from uranium in fission